Airborne measurements of spectral direct aerosol radiative forcing in the Intercontinental chemical Transport Experiment/Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation of anthropogenic pollution, 2004
Airborne measurements of spectral direct aerosol radiative forcing in the Intercontinental chemical Transport Experiment/Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation of anthropogenic pollution, 2004
复制标题
洲际化学迁移实验/人为污染的洲际迁移和化学转化中光谱直接气溶胶辐射强迫的机载测量，2004年
DOI：
10.1029/2005jd006812
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Wendisch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Redemann;P. Pilewskie;P. Russell;J. Livingston;S. Howard;B. Schmid;J. Pommier;W. Gore;J. Eilers;M. Wendisch
[1]作为INTEX-NA(洲际化学运输实验-北美)和ITCT(洲际运输和人为污染化学转化)实地研究的一部分，NASA Ames 14通道空中跟踪太阳光度计(AATS-14)和一对太阳光谱通量辐射计(SSFR)在2004年7月12日至8月8日期间在缅因湾上空的19次科学飞行中从Sky Research Jet Stream 31(J31)飞机上进行了测量。AATS-14和SSFR的一致测量组合得到了净(下流减去上行)光谱辐照度与沿水平飞行支路测量的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的函数关系图。根据定义，这些样地的斜率产生单位光学厚度变化的净辐照度的瞬时变化，称为瞬时光谱气溶胶辐射强迫效率EI(Wm−2 nm−1)。在给定光谱范围内的数值积分得到了瞬时宽带气溶胶辐射强迫效率(Wm−2)。这种用于计算Ei的技术被称为气溶胶梯度法。在10个适合于我们分析的个例中，我们发现在可见光波长范围(35 0-70 0 nm)的瞬时气溶胶强迫效率具有很高的变异性，平均值为−79.6W m−2，标准偏差为21.8W m−2(2 7%)。瞬时强迫效率的分析换算为24小时平均值，得到−45.8±13.1W m−2(平均值±标准差)。我们给出了350到1670纳米之间的光谱分辨气溶胶强迫效率，估计了中可见光气溶胶单次散射反照率，并将观测到的宽带强迫效率与以前报道的值进行了比较。
[1] As part of the INTEX-NA (Intercontinental chemical Transport Experiment–North America) and ITCT (Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation of anthropogenic pollution) field studies, the NASA Ames 14-channel Airborne Tracking Sunphotometer (AATS-14) and a pair of Solar Spectral Flux Radiometers (SSFR) took measurements from aboard a Sky Research Jet stream 31 (J31) aircraft during 19 science flights over the Gulf of Maine during 12 July to 8 August 2004. The combination of coincident AATS-14 and SSFR measurements yields plots of net (downwelling minus upwelling) spectral irradiance as a function of aerosol optical depth (AOD) as measured along horizontal flight legs. By definition, the slope of these plots yields the instantaneous change in net irradiance per unit AOD change and is referred to as the instantaneous spectral aerosol radiative forcing efficiency, Ei (W m−2 nm−1). Numerical integration over a given spectral range yields the instantaneous broadband aerosol radiative forcing efficiency (W m−2). This technique for deriving Ei is called the aerosol gradient method. Within 10 case studies considered suitable for our analysis we found a high variability in the derived instantaneous aerosol forcing efficiencies for the visible wavelength range (350–700 nm), with a mean of −79.6 W m−2 and a standard deviation of 21.8 W m−2 (27%). An analytical conversion of the instantaneous forcing efficiencies to 24-hour-average values yielded −45.8 ± 13.1 W m−2 (mean ± std). We present spectrally resolved aerosol forcing efficiencies between 350 and 1670 nm, estimates of the midvisible aerosol single scattering albedo and a comparison of observed broadband forcing efficiencies to previously reported values.