Clinical features, treatment and outcome of discospondylitis in cats
Clinical features, treatment and outcome of discospondylitis in cats
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DOI：
10.1177/1098612x211020159
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发表时间：
2021-06-08
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Lowrie, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gomes, Sergio A.;Garosi, Laurent S.;Lowrie, Mark
目的：关于猫椎间盘脊椎炎的资料很少。本研究的目的是描述的significance，临床和实验室检查结果，病原体，治疗和结果在猫受discospondylitis.MethodsThis是一个回顾性审查的病历诊断为discospondylitis. ResultsA的猫在四个转介institutions.ResultsA共17猫被确定。大多数为家猫短毛猫（76.5%）和雄性（58.8%），中位年龄为9岁（范围0.9-14），临床体征的中位持续时间为3周（范围0.3-16）。所有猫均出现脊髓感觉过敏; 3/17只猫出现发热。在64.7%的猫中发现神经功能障碍，这表明T3-L3或L4-S2脊髓节段、相关神经根或相关神经定位。血液学、血清生化和尿分析显示偶尔不一致的非特异性变化。所有猫均进行了尿培养; 9/17只猫还进行了不同的组织培养。在两只猫（11.8%）中获得了葡萄球菌属（尿液、血液和椎间盘内细针抽吸物）和大肠埃希菌（尿液）的阳性细菌培养物;这两只猫均表现为多灶性椎间盘脊柱炎。所有猫的治疗均为非手术治疗，持续抗生素治疗中位时间为3个月（范围1-9）。提供的镇痛包括非甾体抗炎药，单独或与加巴喷丁联合使用。建议限制运动至少4周。在停用抗生素时，12只猫的结局信息显示，10只猫（83.3%）的疼痛控制和神经功能极佳。复发发生在1例，这已收到一个单一的抗生素6周，并复发4个月后介绍。另一例未能改善，并在住院治疗过程中被安乐死。结论和relevanceFeline discospondylitis是罕见的，没有明显的易感性，发现在这项研究中。脊髓感觉过敏普遍存在，神经功能障碍也非常普遍。细菌培养在大多数情况下是无益的。阿莫西林-克拉维酸或头孢菌素是一线抗生素的合理选择。预后良好，在持续抗生素治疗的猫中没有复发的长期证据，平均持续时间为3个月。
ObjectivesThere is a paucity of information on feline discospondylitis. This study aimed to describe the signalment, clinical and laboratory findings, aetiological agents, treatment and outcome in cats affected by discospondylitis.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of the medical records of cats diagnosed with discospondylitis at four referral institutions.ResultsA total of 17 cats were identified. Most were domestic shorthair cats (76.5%) and male (58.8%), with a median age of 9 years (range 0.9-14) and a median duration of clinical signs of 3 weeks (range 0.3-16). All cats presented with spinal hyperaesthesia; 3/17 had pyrexia. Neurological dysfunction was found in 64.7% of cats, which was indicative of a T3-L3 or L4-S2 spinal segment, associated nerve root or associated nerve neurolocalisation. Haematology, serum biochemistry and urinalysis revealed occasional inconsistent non-specific changes. All cats underwent urine culture; 9/17 cats also had a distinct tissue cultured. Positive bacterial cultures were obtained in two cats (11.8%) for Staphylococcus species (urine, blood and intradiscal fine-needle aspirate) and Escherichia coli (urine); both presented with multifocal discospondylitis. Treatment was non-surgical in all cats, with sustained antibiotic therapy for a median of 3 months (range 1-9). Analgesia provided included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alone or in combination with gabapentin. Restricted exercise was advised for a minimum of 4 weeks. Outcome information available in 12 cats was excellent in terms of pain control and neurological function in 10 cats (83.3%) at the time of stopping antibiotics. Recurrence occurred in one case, which had received a single antibiotic for 6 weeks, and relapsed 4 months after presentation. One other case failed to improve and was euthanased during the course of hospitalisation.Conclusions and relevanceFeline discospondylitis is uncommon and no obvious signalment predisposition was found in this study. Spinal hyperaesthesia was universally present, with neurological dysfunction also highly prevalent. Bacterial culture was unrewarding in most cases. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or cephalosporins are reasonable choices for first-line antibiotics. Prognosis was favourable, with no long-term evidence of recurrence in cats on sustained antibiotic therapy, for a mean duration of 3 months.