How Russia Really Works: The Informal Practices That Shaped Post-Soviet Politics and Business
How Russia Really Works: The Informal Practices That Shaped Post-Soviet Politics and Business
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俄罗斯的真实运作方式：塑造后苏联政治和商业的非正式实践
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Ledeneva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Ledeneva
书中描述：在苏联时期，利用个人网络获取短缺的商品和服务以及绕过正式程序是弥补社会主义低效的必要手段。苏联的解体产生了新一代的非正式做法。
Book description: During the Soviet era, blat-the use of personal networks for obtaining goods and services in short supply and for circumventing formal procedures-was necessary to compensate for the inefficiencies of socialism. The collapse of the Soviet Union produced a new generation of informal practices.
In How Russia Really Works, Alena V. Ledeneva explores practices in politics, business, media, and the legal sphere in Russia in the 1990s-from the hiring of firms to create negative publicity about one's competitors, to inventing novel schemes of tax evasion and engaging in “alternative” techniques of contract and law enforcement. She discovers ingenuity, wit, and vigor in these activities and argues that they simultaneously support and subvert formal institutions. They enable corporations, the media, politicians, and businessmen to operate in the post-Soviet labyrinth of legal and practical constraints but consistently undermine the spirit, if not the letter, of the law. The “know-how” Ledeneva describes in this book continues to operate today and is crucial to understanding contemporary Russia.