The Complex Dynamics of Wishful Thinking The Critical Positivity Ratio
The Complex Dynamics of Wishful Thinking The Critical Positivity Ratio
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DOI：
10.1037/a0032850
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Friedman, Harris L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Nicholas J. L.;Sokal, Alan D.;Friedman, Harris L.
我们批判性地研究了Fredrickson和Losada（2005）关于被称为“积极性比率”的结构的主张。“我们没有发现任何理论或经验的理由来使用从流体动力学（物理学的一个子领域）得出的微分方程来描述人类情绪随时间的变化;此外，我们证明了这些方程的所谓应用包含许多基本的概念和数学错误。这些方程的缺乏相关性及其不正确的应用导致我们得出结论，弗雷德里克森和洛萨达声称已经证明了存在一个临界最小阳性率为2.9013是完全没有根据的。更一般地说，我们敦促未来的研究人员在使用先进的数学工具，如非线性动力学，特别是要验证其有效应用的基本条件已经得到满足时要谨慎。
We examine critically the claims made by Fredrickson and Losada (2005) concerning the construct known as the "positivity ratio." We find no theoretical or empirical justification for the use of differential equations drawn from fluid dynamics, a subfield of physics, to describe changes in human emotions over time; furthermore, we demonstrate that the purported application of these equations contains numerous fundamental conceptual and mathematical errors. The lack of relevance of these equations and their incorrect application lead us to conclude that Fredrickson and Losada's claim to have demonstrated the existence of a critical minimum positivity ratio of 2.9013 is entirely unfounded. More generally, we urge future researchers to exercise caution in the use of advanced mathematical tools, such as nonlinear dynamics, and in particular to verify that the elementary conditions for their valid application have been met.