Harnessing water fleas for water reclamation: A nature-based tertiary wastewater treatment technology.
Harnessing water fleas for water reclamation: A nature-based tertiary wastewater treatment technology.
复制标题
利用水蚤进行水回收：一种基于自然的三级废水处理技术。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167224
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abdullahi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abdullahi M
城市化、人口增长和气候变化给水资源带来了前所未有的压力，导致了全球水危机和水回用的需求。然而，除非从再生水中去除持久性化学污染物，否则水的再利用是不安全的。用于减少废水中的持久性化学污染物的最新技术通常造成高的操作和能源成本，并可能产生有毒副产物（例如，来自臭氧化的溴酸盐）。基于自然的解决方案因其对环境的影响较低而优于这些技术。然而，到目前为止，基于生物的三级废水处理对于工业规模的应用来说是低效的。此外，它们往往需要大量的财政投资和大型基础设施，破坏了可持续性目标。在这里，我们提出了一个可扩展的，低成本的，低碳的，可改造的自然灵感的解决方案，以消除持久性化学污染物（药物，农药和工业化学品）。我们展示了水蚤在实验室规模上对单个化学品和废水中化学品的去除效率，范围从50%的全氟辛烷磺酸到90%的双氯芬酸。我们在原型规模下验证了双氯芬酸的去除效率，在户外自然条件下显示出超过四周的持续性能。一项关于水蚤类技术的技术-商业分析表明，在可比的去除效率方面，以现有的各种化学品数据为基准，相对于现有的和新出现的处理方法，水蚤类技术具有若干技术、商业和可持续性方面的优势。该技术的进一步测试正在开放流环境中举行的真实的废水。该技术有可能改善废水排放的质量，满足生产适合灌溉、工业应用和家庭使用的水的要求。通过防止持久性化学品进入水道，这项技术有可能最大限度地转向清洁增长，实现水的再利用，减少资源消耗和防止环境污染。
Urbanisation, population growth, and climate change have put unprecedented pressure on water resources, leading to a global water crisis and the need for water reuse. However, water reuse is unsafe unless persistent chemical pollutants are removed from reclaimed water. State-of-the-art technologies for the reduction of persistent chemical pollutants in wastewater typically impose high operational and energy costs and potentially generate toxic by-products (e.g., bromate from ozonation). Nature-base solutions are preferred to these technologies for their lower environmental impact. However, so far, bio-based tertiary wastewater treatments have been inefficient for industrial-scale applications. Moreover, they often demand significant financial investment and large infrastructure, undermining sustainability objectives. Here, we present a scalable, low-cost, low-carbon, and retrofittable nature-inspired solution to remove persistent chemical pollutants (pharmaceutical, pesticides and industrial chemicals). We showedDaphnia's removal efficiency of individual chemicals and chemicals from wastewater at laboratory scale ranging between 50 % for PFOS and 90 % for diclofenac. We validated the removal efficiency of diclofenac at prototype scale, showing sustained performance over four weeks in outdoor seminatural conditions. A techno-commercial analysis on theDaphnia-based technology suggested several technical, commercial and sustainability advantages over established and emerging treatments at comparable removal efficiency, benchmarked on available data on individual chemicals. Further testing of the technology is underway in open flow environments holding real wastewater. The technology has the potential to improve the quality of wastewater effluent, meeting requirements to produce water appropriate for reuse in irrigation, industrial application, and household use. By preventing persistent chemicals from entering waterways, this technology has the potential to maximise the shift to clean growth, enabling water reuse, reducing resource depletion and preventing environmental pollution.