Early developmental emergence of human amygdala-prefrontal connectivity after maternal deprivation
Early developmental emergence of human amygdala-prefrontal connectivity after maternal deprivation
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1307893110
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发表时间：
2013-09-24
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Tottenham, Nim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gee, Dylan G.;Gabard-Durnam, Laurel J.;Tottenham, Nim
在典型的情况下，内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）与杏仁核的连接在儿童时期是不成熟的，在青春期变得像成年人一样。啮齿动物模型表明，母亲剥夺加速了这一发展，促使检查人类杏仁核-mPFC表型后，母亲剥夺。以前制度化的青年，谁经历了早期的母亲剥夺，表现出非典型的杏仁核mPFC连接。具体而言，不像不成熟的连接（积极的杏仁核-mPFC耦合）的比较儿童，儿童的历史，早期逆境证明成熟的连接（负杏仁核-mPFC耦合），因此，类似的青少年表型。这种连接模式是由激素皮质醇介导的，这表明应激诱导的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的改变塑造了杏仁核-mPFC电路。尽管是年龄非典型性的，负杏仁核mPFC耦合赋予一定程度的减少焦虑，虽然焦虑仍然显着高于先前的制度化组。这些研究结果表明，加速杏仁核mPFC的发展是一个个体发生的适应，在应对早期逆境。
Under typical conditions, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) connections with the amygdala are immature during childhood and become adult-like during adolescence. Rodent models show that maternal deprivation accelerates this development, prompting examination of human amygdala-mPFC phenotypes following maternal deprivation. Previously institutionalized youths, who experienced early maternal deprivation, exhibited atypical amygdala-mPFC connectivity. Specifically, unlike the immature connectivity (positive amygdala-mPFC coupling) of comparison children, children with a history of early adversity evidenced mature connectivity (negative amygdala-mPFC coupling) and thus, resembled the adolescent phenotype. This connectivity pattern was mediated by the hormone cortisol, suggesting that stress-induced modifications of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis shape amygdala-mPFC circuitry. Despite being age-atypical, negative amygdala-mPFC coupling conferred some degree of reduced anxiety, although anxiety was still significantly higher in the previously institutionalized group. These findings suggest that accelerated amygdala-mPFC development is an ontogenetic adaptation in response to early adversity.