Uncovering Susceptibility Risk to Online Deception in Aging
Uncovering Susceptibility Risk to Online Deception in Aging
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gby036
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Oliveira, Daniela S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebner, Natalie C.;Ellis, Donovan M.;Oliveira, Daniela S.
目标 老年人欺诈是一个新出现的公共卫生问题。一种越来越常见的欺骗形式是在网上进行的。然而，认知和社会情感风险因素的识别尚未进行。在这项工作中，这项研究扩展了之前的工作，表明年龄对网络欺骗的易感性有影响。方法通过点击年轻（18-37岁）、青年（62-74岁）和中年（75-89岁）互联网用户收到的模拟鱼叉式网络钓鱼电子邮件中的链接来操作易感性，而不知道这些电子邮件是研究的一部分。参与者还针对一组鱼叉式网络钓鱼电子邮件指出了他们点击嵌入链接（易感性意识）的可能性，并完成了认知和社会情感测量，以确定易感性风险状况。结果较高的易感性与中老年用户较低的短期情景记忆有关，而与年轻和中老年用户较低的积极影响有关。中老年用户的易感性意识越高，言语流利程度越高，青年和中老年用户的积极影响越大。 讨论 中老年的短期记忆、言语流畅性和积极影响可能有助于抵御网络鱼叉式网络钓鱼攻击。这些结果为网络欺诈敏感性机制和现实生活中降低老龄化欺诈风险的决策支持干预措施提供了信息。
Objectives Fraud in the aged is an emerging public health problem. An increasingly common form of deception is conducted online. However, identification of cognitive and socioemotional risk factors has not been undertaken yet. In this endeavor, this study extended previous work suggesting age effects on susceptibility to online deception.Methods Susceptibility was operationalized as clicking on the link in simulated spear-phishing emails that young (18-37 years), young-old (62-74 years), and middle-old (75-89 years) Internet users received, without knowing that the emails were part of the study. Participants also indicated for a set of spear-phishing emails how likely they would click on the embedded link (susceptibility awareness) and completed cognitive and socioemotional measures to determine susceptibility risk profiles.Results Higher susceptibility was associated with lower short-term episodic memory in middle-old users and with lower positive affect in young-old and middle-old users. Greater susceptibility awareness was associated with better verbal fluency in middle-old users and with greater positive affect in young and middle-old users.Discussion Short-term memory, verbal fluency, and positive affect in middle-old age may contribute to resilience against online spear-phishing attacks. These results inform mechanisms of online fraud susceptibility and real-life decision-supportive interventions toward fraud risk reduction in aging.