Dietary pattern, nutrient intake and growth of adolescent school girls in urban Bangladesh
Dietary pattern, nutrient intake and growth of adolescent school girls in urban Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1079/phn19980014
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Jackson, Alan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ahmed, Faruk;Zareen, Momtaz;Jackson, Alan A.
目的：了解达卡市在校青春期女孩的膳食结构和营养状况，并探讨其与各种社会因素的关系。设计：横断面研究。地点：达卡市女子高中。营养素摄入量使用24小时回忆法进行评估，食物摄入量的通常模式使用7天食物频率调查问卷进行检查。结果：在被评估为发育迟缓的参与者中，总体营养不良的发生率为10%，其中年轻女孩发育迟缓的比例(2%)低于年龄较大的女孩(16%)，而16%的女孩较瘦，较年轻女孩(21%)比年龄较大的女孩(1PH)瘦的相对较多。根据通常的食物摄入模式，相当大比例的女孩不吃鸡蛋(26%)、牛奶(35%)或深绿叶蔬菜(20%)。相比之下，比例较大的人每周至少吃四次肉(50%)和鱼(65%)。在能量和蛋白质的摄入量方面，分别只有9%和17%的女孩达到了推荐的每日摄入量(RDA)。对于近77%的女孩来说，脂肪摄入量低于推荐摄入量。铁(77%的女孩)、钙(79%)、维生素A(62%)、维生素C(67%)和核黄素(96%)的摄入量低于RDA。根据食物消费数据，谷类是主要的能量来源(57%)、硫胺素(67%)、烟酸(63%)和铁(37%)。动物来源提供了50%的膳食蛋白质。烹饪脂肪是饮食中脂肪的主要来源(67%)。牛奶是核黄素和维生素A(视黄醇)的主要来源。叶类蔬菜和水果是维生素A原(胡萝卜素)的主要来源。来自父母受教育程度较低的家庭的女孩更有可能比她们的年龄更瘦、更矮。来自低收入家庭和低文化家庭的女孩的饮食结构倾向于蛋、奶、肉和水果较差，蛋白质、脂肪和核黄素的摄入量较低。结论：调查结果表明，这些女孩的膳食中常量营养素和微量营养素都存在不足的趋势，对健康有显著影响。家庭收入和父母的教育程度与女童的营养状况也有一定的关系。
Objective: To investigate the dietary pattern and nutritional status of adolescent girls attending schools in Dhaka city and to examine the association with various social factors.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Girls high schools in Dhaka city.Subjects: A total of 384 girls, aged from 10 to 16 years, who were students of classes VI to IX of 12 girls high schools in Dhaka city were selected by systematic random sampling. Nutrient intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method and the usual pattern of food intake was examined using a 7-day food frequency questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of undernutrition among the participants assessed as stunting was 10% overall with younger girls being less stunted (2%) than older girls (16%), whereas 16% were thin with relatively more of the younger girls (21%) being thin than of the older girls (1Ph). Based on the usual pattern of food intake, a substantial proportion of the girls did not consume eggs (26%), milk (35%) or dark green leafy vegetables (20%). By comparison, larger proportions consumed meat (50%) and fish (65%) at least four times a week. For the intake of energy and protein, only 9 and 17% of the girls, respectively, met the recommended daily allowance (RDA). For nearly 77% of the girls, the intake of fat was less than the recommendation. Intakes less than the RDA were found for iron (77% of the girls), calcium (79%), vitamin A (62%), vitamin C (67%), and riboflavin (96%). Based on the food consumption data, cereals were the major source of energy (57%), thiamin (67%), niacin (63%) and iron (37%). Animal sources supplied 50% of dietary protein. Cooking fats were the principal source of fat (67%) in the diet. Milk was the major contributor for riboflavin and preformed vitamin A (retinol). Leafy vegetables and fruits were the main sources of provitamin A (carotenes). The girls from families with less educated parents were more likely to be thin and short for their age. Those girls from families with lower incomes and less educated parents had a dietary pattern which tended to be poor with regard to egg, milk, meat and fruit, with lower intakes of protein, fat and riboflavin.Conclusion: The findings indicate that the diets of these girls tended to be inadequate both for macronutrients and micronutrients, with significant health implications. There was also a relationship between the family income and the education of the parents with the nutritional status of the girls.