EU Regions and Multinational Corporations: Change, Stability and Strengthening of Technological Comparative Advantages

EU Regions and Multinational Corporations: Change, Stability and Strengthening of Technological Comparative Advantages
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欧盟地区和跨国公司：技术比较优势的变化、稳定和加强

DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Iammarino
S. Iammarino
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Cantwell;S. Iammarino

文献摘要

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在经济迅速全球化的情况下，特别是在面临欧盟等经济一体化进程的情况下，各区域通过多国公司在当地的技术开发努力，与国内和跨国界的其他地点建立了越来越多的联系。通过使用美国专利商标局（USPTO）授予最大公司的专利数据库，我们在以前的研究中表明，跨国公司创新网络的模式符合区域中心的内部（在国界内）层次结构。在本文中的假设的累积性和创新的增量变化的组合意义的检验的连续性的程度在20世纪70年代和20世纪90年代之间的不同的欧盟区域中心的技术配置文件的部门组成。研究结果支持我们的假设，区域位置的地理层次结构也可以建立在欧盟内跨越国界。它表明，欧洲的核心地区可以分为两种类型的跨国公司巩固了传统的专业化领域的地区问题，和那些在那里已经转向（和相对增长）的发展领域的高科技机会。
In a rapidly globalizing economy, and particularly in the face of a process of economic integration such as that occurring in the EU, regions forge an increasing number of linkages with other locations within and across national boundaries through the local technological development efforts of multinational corporations (MNCs). By using a database of patents granted to the largest firms by the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), we have shown in previous research that the pattern of MNC networks for innovation conforms to an internal (within national boundaries) hierarchy of regional centres. In this paper the hypothesis of the combined significance of cumulativeness and incremental change in innovation is examined by testing the extent of continuity in the sectoral composition of technological profiles of different EU regional centres between the 1970s and the 1990s. The results provide support for our hypothesis that a geographical hierarchy of regional locations can be established also across national boundaries within the EU. It is shown that the core European regions can be divided into two kinds—those in which MNCs have consolidated areas of traditional specialisation for the regions in question, and those in which there has been a shift towards (and a relative growth of) the development of fields of high technological opportunities.