Lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus) in a disturbed forest fragment: Activity patterns and time budget
Lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus) in a disturbed forest fragment: Activity patterns and time budget
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02735297
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发表时间：
1996-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Shaily Menon;F. Poirier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shaily Menon;F. Poirier
我们描述了一群被限制在 65 公顷受干扰森林中的野生狮尾猕猴的活动模式和时间预算，并将结果与受保护森林中的群体的结果进行了比较。研究地点的退化性质体现在树木密度低、特定多样性低、树木周长分布差距以及人类频繁干扰等方面。由 43 名受试者组成的研究小组的规模是受保护栖息地的狮尾猕猴群体的两倍。它们花费的时间最多（34.0%），其次是觅食（23.7%）、喂食（17.9%）、休息（16.0%）和社交等其他活动（8.4%）。除测距外，所有活动类别的每月变化都很显着。休息和觅食的时间呈负相关（r = -0.5），并显示出显着的季节性差异。 9 月至 11 月是觅食时间最长的时期，此时主要食物来源如库伦属植物和木香属植物不存在或仅有少量可用。研究组大部分时间 (40.4%) 都在 21 至 30 m 的树冠高度上度过。与受保护森林中的群体相比，它们每天花在活动上的时间比休息或进食的时间更多，而且在陆地上的时间也更多。群体规模大、栖息地质量差和食物供应的季节变化是影响其时间预算的主要变量，这些变量解释了受保护森林中群体时间预算的差异。
We describe the activity patterns and time budget of a feral group of lion-tailed macaques that were confined to a disturbed forest fragment of 65 ha and compare the results with those obtained for groups in protected forests. The degraded nature of the study site was reflected in low tree densities, low specific diversity, gaps in the girth distribution of trees, and frequent disturbance by humans. The study group of 43 subjects was twice as large as lion-tailed macaque groups in protected habitats. They spent the most time ranging (34.0%), followed by foraging (23.7%), feeding (17.9%), resting (16.0%), and other activities such as social interactions (8.4%). Monthly variations are significant for all activity categories except ranging. Times spent resting and foraging are negatively correlated (r = −0.5) and show significant seasonal differences. Foraging time was highest from September to November, when key food sources such asCulleniaandArtocarpuswere absent or marginally available. The study group spent most time (40.4%) at canopy levels between 21 and 30 m. They spent more time each day ranging than resting or feeding and more time terrestrially compared with groups in protected forests. Large group size, poor habitat quality, and seasonal variation in food availability were the major variables affecting their time budget, and these variables accounted for differences from the time budgets of groups in protected forests.