Dominant native and non-native graminoids differ in key leaf traits irrespective of nutrient availability
Dominant native and non-native graminoids differ in key leaf traits irrespective of nutrient availability
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.13092
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Stevens, Carly J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Broadbent, Arthur A. D.;Firn, Jennifer;Stevens, Carly J.
目的营养丰富与植物入侵和生物多样性丧失有关。功能性状优势可能预示着营养丰富后入侵植物的优势，但这一点很少得到检验。在这里，我们调查了(A)主要原生植物和非原生植物在重要的形态和生理特性上的差异，(B)它们的特性对营养添加的响应如何，以及(C)不同功能组的响应是否一致。定位澳大利亚、欧洲、北美和南非。时间段2007-2014。主要分类群研究禾本科和禾本科植物。方法我们重点研究与资源获取有关的两种类型的叶片性状：与光觅食表面和组织投资有关的形态特征(比叶面积，SLA)和与叶片内部化学有关的生理特征，作为生产和利用光合作用的基础。我们测量了四大洲27个草原上151个优势物种的503片叶子的这些特征。我们在所有地点使用相同的氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)的营养添加处理。结果我们发现有证据表明，非本地禾本科植物比本地禾本科植物具有更高的营养浓度，特别是在本地和非本地物种都占优势的地点。我们发现几乎没有证据表明原生和非原生杂交种在测量的叶片特征上存在差异。这些结果在自然土壤肥力水平和营养丰富条件下是一致的，优势种对养分添加的反应相似，无论它们是本地的还是非本地的。主要结论我们的工作识别了可用于预测非本地禾本科植物建立的内在生理性状优势，可能是因为它们在吸收关键养分到叶片中的效率更高。最重要的是，这些固有的优势在自然土壤肥力水平上已经存在，并在养分丰富后保持不变。
Aim Nutrient enrichment is associated with plant invasions and biodiversity loss. Functional trait advantages may predict the ascendancy of invasive plants following nutrient enrichment but this is rarely tested. Here, we investigate (a) whether dominant native and non-native plants differ in important morphological and physiological leaf traits, (b) how their traits respond to nutrient addition, and (c) whether responses are consistent across functional groups.Location Australia, Europe, North America and South Africa.Time period 2007-2014.Major taxa studied Graminoids and forbs.Methods We focused on two types of leaf traits connected to resource acquisition: morphological features relating to light-foraging surfaces and investment in tissue (specific leaf area, SLA) and physiological features relating to internal leaf chemistry as the basis for producing and utilizing photosynthate. We measured these traits on 503 leaves from 151 dominant species across 27 grasslands on four continents. We used an identical nutrient addition treatment of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) at all sites. Sites represented a broad range of grasslands that varied widely in climatic and edaphic conditions.Results We found evidence that non-native graminoids invest in leaves with higher nutrient concentrations than native graminoids, particularly at sites where native and non-native species both dominate. We found little evidence that native and non-native forbs differed in the measured leaf traits. These results were consistent in natural soil fertility levels and nutrient-enriched conditions, with dominant species responding similarly to nutrient addition regardless of whether they were native or non-native.Main conclusions Our work identifies the inherent physiological trait advantages that can be used to predict non-native graminoid establishment, potentially because of higher efficiency at taking up crucial nutrients into their leaves. Most importantly, these inherent advantages are already present at natural soil fertility levels and are maintained following nutrient enrichment.