Effects of continuous and pulse lead exposure on the swimming behavior of tadpoles revealed by brain-gut axis analysis
Effects of continuous and pulse lead exposure on the swimming behavior of tadpoles revealed by brain-gut axis analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133267
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发表时间：
2023-12-26
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Cao，Songle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang，Minyi;Liu，Yang;Cao，Songle
铅（Pb）由于废水的定期或不定期排放而以连续或脉冲形式存在于水生环境中。这两种接触方式对水生动物产生不同的毒性影响。为比较铅暴露方式对两栖类幼体游泳行为的影响，本研究提出了一种联合检测脑肠轴的方法（肠道细菌，组织病理学，代谢组学，和行为学），以评价黑斑侧褶蛙蝌蚪的生态毒性差异（G 21-28），当暴露于连续（CE 100）与脉冲暴露（PE 100）的环境浓度的铅（100 μg/L）。结果表明：1）与对照组和PE 100相比，CE 100显著降低了蝌蚪的运动距离和游泳活动，而PE 100与对照组之间无显著差异。2)在门水平上，与PE 100相比，CE 100处理显著降低了肠道中放线菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门的丰度，并增加了梭菌门的丰度。与PE 100相比，CE 100显著增加了U114的丰度，降低了厌氧杆菌、嗜热杆菌和微杆菌的丰度。3）与PE 100相比，CE 100改变了脑肠轴途径的代谢产物，如喹啉酸、L-缬氨酸、L-多巴、L-组氨酸、尿刊酸、L-苏氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、L-谷氨酸（Glu）、乙酰胆碱（Ach）、L-酪氨酸（Tyr）、L-色氨酸（Trp）和左旋多巴（DOPA）。4)CE 100和PE 100对组氨酸代谢和酪氨酸代谢途径起抑制作用，对嘌呤代谢和嘧啶代谢途径起促进作用。本研究提供了一种方法来评估重金属暴露的毒性效应，通过两种不同的暴露模式（脉冲与连续），蝌蚪可能会遇到在自然环境中的联合研究检查脑肠轴。
Lead (Pb) is present in aquatic environments with a continuous or pulse form due to the regular or irregular discharge of wastewater. These two modes of exposure result in different toxicological effects on aquatic animals. To compare the effects of Pb exposure mode on the swimming behavior of amphibian larvae, this study proposed a combination method to examine the brain-gut axis (gut bacteria, histopathology, metabolomics, and ethology) in order to evaluate the ecotoxic differences inPelophylaxnigromaculatustadpoles (Gs 21–28) when exposed to continuous (CE100) versus pulse exposure (PE100) of environmental concentrations of Pb (100 μg/L). The results showed that: 1) CE100 significantly decreased the movement distance and swimming activity of the tadpoles compared to PE100 and the control, while there were no significant differences between the control group and PE100. 2) At the phyla level, compared to PE100, CE100 treatment significantly decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes,Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes and increased the abundance of Fusobacteria in the gut. At the genus level, compared to PE100, CE100 significantly increased the abundance ofU114and decreased the abundance ofAnaerorhabdus,Exiguobacteriumand Microbacterium.3) Compared to PE100, CE100 changed the metabolites of the brain-gut axis pathway, such as quinolinic acid, L-valine, L-dopa, L-histidine, urocanic acid, L-threonine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), L-glutamate (Glu), acetylcholine (Ach), L-tyrosine (Tyr), L-tryptophan (Trp), and levodopa (DOPA). 4) CE100 and PE100 played a repressive role in the histidine metabolism and tyrosine metabolism pathways and played a promoting role in the purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism pathways. This study provides a method for evaluating the toxic effects of heavy metal exposure via two different exposure modes (pulse versus continuous) which tadpoles may encounter in the natural environment from a combined study examining the brain-gut axis.