Restoring people and productivity to Puanui: challenges and opportunities in the restoration of an intensive rain-fed Hawaiian field system
Restoring people and productivity to Puanui: challenges and opportunities in the restoration of an intensive rain-fed Hawaiian field system
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恢复普阿努伊的人口和生产力：恢复夏威夷集约雨养农田系统的挑战和机遇
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Vitousek
中科院分区：
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作者：
Kēhaulani Marshall;Chloe Koseff;A. L. Roberts;A. Lindsey;A. Kagawa;N. Lincoln;P. Vitousek
在与欧洲人接触之前，夏威夷的耕种者发展并维持了以甘薯（Ipomoea batatas）和其他作物为基础的大型雨养农田系统。然而，这些密集的系统在世纪基本上被遗弃了，人们对它们是如何运作的知之甚少。自2008年以来，我们一直致力于恢复夏威夷岛背风科哈拉Puanui的一个雨水灌溉农田系统的人口和生产，利用传统知识、当地知识和实验来了解这种系统如何运作，并为当地社区提供教育和文化资源。我们在利用传统知识恢复农业生产方面遇到了气候和生物挑战。在气候方面，最近出现了干旱趋势和严重的6年干旱。从生物学上讲，自从与欧洲人接触以来，各种各样的杂草、害虫和疾病已经被引入夏威夷。对栽培方法的试验研究表明，传统的岩石覆盖方法比其他方法能显著提高甘薯产量。3000多名学生和社区成员参与了修复工作，并在此过程中贡献了当地和传统知识。
Prior to European contact, Hawaiian cultivators developed and sustained large rain-fed field systems based on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and other crops. However, these intensive systems largely were abandoned in the 19th century, and there is little knowledge of how they functioned. Since 2008, we have worked to restore people and production to one such rain-fed field system at Puanui in leeward Kohala on the Island of Hawai’i using traditional knowledge, local knowledge, and experiments to understand how such systems functioned and to provide an educational and cultural resource to local communities. We encountered both climatic and biotic challenges to using traditional knowledge for restoring agricultural production. Climatically, there has been a recent drying trend and a severe 6-yr drought. Biotically, a wide range of weeds, pests, and diseases have been introduced to Hawaii since European contact. Experimental studies of cultivation practices demonstrated that rock mulching, a traditional practice, led to significantly greater yields of sweet potato than did alternative methods. More than 3000 students and community members have participated in the restoration effort and have contributed local and traditional knowledge in the process.