Trophic transfer and effects of DDT in male hornyhead turbot (Pleuronichthys verticalis) from Palos Verdes Superfund site, CA (USA) and comparisons to field monitoring.
Trophic transfer and effects of DDT in male hornyhead turbot (Pleuronichthys verticalis) from Palos Verdes Superfund site, CA (USA) and comparisons to field monitoring.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.060
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schlenk D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Crago J;Xu EG;Kupsco A;Jia F;Mehinto AC;Lao W;Maruya KA;Gan J;Schlenk D
在美国加利福尼亚州帕洛斯弗迪斯（PV）收集的沉积物和底潜比目鱼角头大菱鲆（Pleuronichtys verticalis）中发现了高浓度的滴滴涕及其代谢物（ΣDDT），该地点在20世纪60年代至70年代期间被100多公吨滴滴涕污染。本研究旨在评估ΣDDT从PV沉积物转移到多毛纲（Neanthes arenaceodentata）和角头大菱（hornyhead turbot）中，并调查两种不同实验室暴露的涡轮鱼的基因组反应是否与PV （PV-turbot）中捕获的涡轮鱼的基因组反应相似。饲喂被pv沉积物污染的多毛体7 d的大比目鱼肝脏浓度ΣDDT与pv大比目鱼相近。28 d后，ΣDDT混合物灌胃的大比目鱼肝脏也积累了ΣDDT。体外细胞生物测定表明，在为期7天的研究中，与对照组相比，涡轮组中的17β-雌二醇当量（EEQ）显著增加。这些反应与pv鱼的反应一致。在pv -沉积物和暴露于pv -沉积物的线虫中，还观察了糖皮质激素受体（GR）、抗雄激素受体（anti-AR）、雌激素受体（ER）和芳烃受体（AhR）的活性。在pv沉积物中抗ar、AhR和GR活性显著高于参比沉积物（San Diego， SD）。肝VTG、ERα和ERβ转录物在pv -turbo中高于sd -turbo，但在7天的研究中，暴露于沉积物污染蠕虫的鱼没有改变。相比之下，ΣDDT处理28天的肝脏提取物显示出较低的EEQ，但肝脏VTG和ERβ转录物与PV-turbot相似。这些数据表明，与沉积物相关的DDT在7天暴露中的营养转移与DDT残留的现场测量和体外内质网生物活性相对应，但无法模拟在野外鱼类中观察到的体内生物效应。相比之下，单独使用ΣDDT治疗28天模拟了DDTs在PV鱼体内的生物效应，但与肝脏浓度或体外生物活性不一致。
High concentrations of DDT and metabolites (ΣDDT) have been detected in sediment and the demersal flatfish hornyhead turbot (Pleuronichtys verticalis) collected from Palos Verdes (PV), California, USA, a site contaminated with over 100 metric tons of DDT throughout 1960s to 70s. This study was elaborated to assess the transfer of ΣDDT from PV-sediment into polychaete (Neanthes arenaceodentata) and hornyhead turbot, and to investigate if the genomic responses in turbots from two different laboratory exposures mimic those in turbots caught in PV (PV-turbot). Turbot fed PV-sediment-contaminated polychaete for 7 days had liver concentrations of ΣDDT similar to PV-turbot. After 28 days, ΣDDT also accumulated by livers of turbot gavaged with ΣDDT mixture. In vitro cell bioassays indicated significant increases of 17β-estradiol equivalents (EEQ) in turbots as compared to the control in the 7-day study. These responses corresponded to those measured in PV-fish. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR), anti-androgen receptor (anti-AR), estrogen receptor (ER) or aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activities were also observed in PV-sediment, and PV-sediment-exposed worm. Anti-AR, AhR and GR activities were significantly higher in PV-sediment than reference sediment (San Diego, SD). Higher transcripts of hepatic VTG, ERα and ERβ were found in PV-turbot than SD-turbot, but unaltered in fish exposed to sediment-contaminated worms for the 7-day study. In contrast, liver extracts from the 28-day treatment of ΣDDT showed lower EEQ but similar hepatic VTG and ERβ transcripts relative to those of PV-turbot. These data indicated that trophic transfer of sediment-associated DDT in 7-day exposures corresponded to field measurements of DDT residues and in vitro ER bioactivities, but failed to mimic in vivo biological effects observed in field fish. In contrast, treatment with ΣDDT alone for 28 days mimicked in vivo biological effects of DDTs in PV fish, but did not correspond to liver concentrations or in vitro bioactivities.