Anderson Localization of Visible Light on a Nanophotonic Chip
Anderson Localization of Visible Light on a Nanophotonic Chip
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DOI：
10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00517
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Sapienza, Luca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crane, Tom;Trojak, Oliver Joe;Sapienza, Luca
技术进步允许在纳米尺度上控制光，并在高度工程化的设备中强烈增强光与物质的相互作用。增强光-物质相互作用是量子技术、能量收集、传感和生物光子学等研究领域应用所必需的。在这里，我们展示了一种不同的方法，基于无序的使用，而不是设备的精确工程，以及作为资源的制造缺陷，可以允许在芯片上有效地捕获可见光。我们证明，第一次我们的知识，安德森本地化的光在可见波长的纳米光子芯片。值得注意的是，我们证明了无序诱导的本地化是更有效地限制可见光比高度工程化的光学腔，从而扭转了迄今为止观察到的趋势。我们测量的光限制品质因子接近10 000，显着高于以前报道的二维光子晶体腔的值。这些测量很好地解释了使用三维布洛赫模式展开技术，在那里我们还提取模式的质量因子和有效模式体积分布的本地化模式。此外，通过实施一个敏感的成像技术，我们直接可视化的本地化模式和测量其空间扩展。即使腔出现的位置不受控制，考虑到其形成基础上的多次散射过程，我们也能够以纳米级精度定位光学腔的位置。这对于确定性地耦合发射器到无序诱导的光学腔和评估光定位是重要的。我们的研究结果表明，潜在的无序作为一种新的资源，有效的限制光和增强的光-物质相互作用在可见光范围内的波长。
Technological advances allow the control of light at the nanoscale and to strongly enhance the light-matter interaction in highly engineered devices. Enhancing the light-matter interaction is needed for applications in research areas such as quantum technology, energy harvesting, sensing, and biophotonics. Here, we show that a different approach, based on the use of disorder, rather than the precise engineering of the devices, and fabrication imperfections as a resource, can allow the efficient trapping of visible light on a chip. We demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, Anderson localization of light at visible wavelengths in a nanophotonic chip. Remarkably, we prove that disorder-induced localization is more efficient in confining visible light than highly engineered optical cavities, thus reversing the trend observed so far. We measure light-confinement quality factors approaching 10 000 that are significantly higher than values previously reported in two-dimensional photonic crystal cavities. These measurements are well explained using a three-dimensional Bloch mode expansion technique, where we also extract the mode quality factors and effective mode volume distributions of the localized modes. Furthermore, by implementing a sensitive imaging technique, we directly visualize the localized modes and measure their spatial extension. Even though the position where the cavities appear is not controlled, given the multiple scattering process at the basis of their formation, we are able to locate with nanometer-scale accuracy the position of the optical cavities. This is important for the deterministic coupling of emitters to the disorder-induced optical cavities and for assessing light localization. Our results show the potential of disorder as a novel resource for the efficient confinement of light and for the enhancement of the light-matter interaction in the visible range of wavelengths.