When the pendulum doesn’t find its center: Environmental narratives, strategies, and forest policy change in the US Pacific Northwest
When the pendulum doesn’t find its center: Environmental narratives, strategies, and forest policy change in the US Pacific Northwest
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当钟摆找不到中心时：美国太平洋西北地区的环境叙述、战略和森林政策变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.009
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
G. Winkel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Winkel
自20世纪80年代以来，美国太平洋西北地区一直被与联邦森林管理有关的重大环境政策冲突所破坏。这些“木材战争”类似于其他几个国家的森林环境政策冲突，但特别两极分化。它们导致了联邦森林政策从木材生产导向到生物多样性保护的重大变化。这一变化发生得突然，并在该地区内外产生了重大的经济和社会后果，但嵌入在长期的社会和制度trends.In本文中，我采用了一种解释的方法，以便，首先，了解当代的解释1993年的政策变化，第二，重建太平洋西北部当代话语“景观”，包括主要的资源管理范式和叙述，指导今天在这一地区的政策制定。基于2011年夏季对37名政策相关者的定性访谈，本文认为，政策相关者对1993年政策变化的理解存在四种不同的表述。然而，所有的叙述都强调环境战略的重要性，这种战略调动了社会体制环境，以便准备并最终实现这种变化。与背景有关的因素，以及利益攸关方无法通过结合这些因素来制造足够的矛盾或危机，以促进变革-使叙事成为可能。四个资源管理范式在该地区竞争，并在这些，叙述和反叙述的物理和社会事件的发展。目前的森林政策以生态系统管理模式为主，但森林管理做法的目的是在某种程度上调和不同模式产生的要求，例如通过“生态恢复”概念。然而，鉴于饲料这种妥协的物质基础是有限的，一个新的危机，在太平洋西北地区的森林政策在未来是liked.In的结论，本文提供了一个解释的太平洋西北地区的森林政策（变化）作为一个过程中，社会和物理事件是“话语动员”的叙述方式，产生的背景下，主要的自然资源范式。这包括“话语代理人”在构建问题化和干预逻辑以捍卫当前政策状态或增加变化的可能性方面的艺术。
Since the 1980s, the US Pacific Northwest has been shattered by a major environmental policy conflict related to the management of Federal forests. These “timber wars” were similar to forest environmental policy conflicts in several other countries, but were particularly polarized. They resulted in a significant change in Federal forest policy from timber production orientation to biodiversity conservation. The change occurred suddenly and had significant economic and social consequences within the region and beyond, but was embedded in long-term societal and institutional trends.In this paper, I adopt an interpretive approach in order to, first, understand contemporary interpretations of the 1993 policy change and, second, to reconstruct the contemporary discursive ‘landscape’ of the Pacific Northwest including the major resource management paradigms and narratives that guide policy making in this region today. Empirically, my interpretation is mostly built on 37 qualitative interviews with policy stakeholders that were conducted in the summer of 2011.Based on this evidence, the paper argues that there are four narratives circulating amongst policy stakeholders that represent different conceptualizations of the 1993 policy change. Yet, all narratives highlight the importance of environmental strategy making that mobilized the socio-institutional setting in order to prepare and finally achieve the change.Current forest policy in the region is characterized by a policy stalemate resulting from the confluence of diverse institutional, context-related factors and the inability of stakeholders to create enough contradictions or crisis by combining these factors in order to promote change-enabling narratives. Four resource management paradigms compete in the region and, within these, narratives and counter narratives on physical and social events are developed. Current forest policy is dominated by an ecosystem management paradigm, but forest management practices aim to reconcile demands arising from the different paradigms to a certain degree, for instance via the concept of “ecological restoration”. Yet, given that the material base that feeds such compromises is finite, a new crisis in Pacific Northwest forest policy in the future is likely.In conclusion, this paper offers an interpretation of Pacific Northwest forest policy (change) as a process in which social and physical events are ‘discursively mobilized’ by means of narratives that are produced against the background of major natural resources paradigms. This includes the art of ‘discourse agents’ in constructing problematizations and intervention logics to either defend the current policy state or to increase the likelihood of change.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Leipold
通讯作者：
Leipold