Heaviness perception. II. Contributions of object weight, haptic size, and density to the accurate perception of heaviness or lightness.
Heaviness perception. II. Contributions of object weight, haptic size, and density to the accurate perception of heaviness or lightness.
复制标题
沉重感。
作者：
S. Kawai
本研究调查的贡献对象的重量，触觉的大小，和密度的准确感知的沉重或轻盈的过程中，歧视的差异，在重量对立方体之间的线索冲突，如导致的大小-重量错觉。15名受试者，在视觉输入受阻的情况下，依靠仅用指尖抓住立方体获得的输入，试图在试验的每个步骤中准确区分两个相应立方体之间的权重因子的可能差异。使用三组不同重量（0.10-0.74 N）的七个立方体-铜（CP）、铝（AL）和塑料（PL）各一组。所有的立方体都覆盖着光滑的薄乙烯基，以消除可能的输入有关的密度或材料本身。屏幕被战略性地放置以消除任何视觉线索。在以下条件下，向受试者伪随机提供了包含37种组合的196项试验：PL与AL、AL与CP以及CP与PL。试验包括基于密度（98次试验用于较高条件，98次试验用于较低条件）和重量（84次上升试验用于较重条件，28次相同条件，84次下降条件）的2 × 3组合。当每个受试者给出的每个试验的响应准确地识别了第一个和第二个立方体之间的重量关系时，其被视为正确。结果发现，当第二个立方体的密度和重量都增加时（给定试验的95.6%），以及当密度和重量都降低时（94.6%），受试者相当准确地识别了重量关系。当前的结果明显大于先前在恒定密度条件下获得的结果，这表明密度的变化可能与重量一样有助于感知轻重。然而，当两个线索方向相互冲突时，准确率急剧下降，对于低密度/上升重量为33.6%，对于高密度/下降重量为22.7%。这些结果表明，两种不同的线索的可能性，有助于感知的沉重和轻。当区分物体的重量时，像大小-重量错觉这样的线索冲突自然会出现。然而，目前的结果表明，一个人可能会根据密度、大小和重量变化之间的良好调节关系来感知沉重。讨论了这两种线索通过触觉大小相关的方式。
The present study investigated the contributions of object weight, haptic size, and density to the accurate perception of heaviness or lightness in the process of discriminating differences in weight between pairs of cubes with cue conflicts such as that resulting from the size-weight illusion. Fifteen subjects, with visual input blocked and relying on the input gained by grasping the cubes with only their fingertips, attempted to accurately discriminate possible differences in weight factor between the two respective cubes in each step of the trials. Three sets - one set each of copper (CP), aluminum (AL), and plastic (PL) - of seven cubes of various weight (0.10-0.74 N) were used. All of the cubes were covered with smooth, thin vinyl to eliminate possible input concerning density or material per se. Screens were strategically placed to eliminate any visual cues. One hundred and ninety-six trials with 37 combinations were pseudorandomly presented to subjects in the following conditions: PL versus AL, AL versus CP, and CP versus PL. Trials included 2 x 3 combinations on the basis of density (98 trials for higher and 98 for lower conditions) and weight (84 ascending trials for heavier, 28 for identical, and 84 descending for lighter conditions). The response for each trial given by each subject was regarded as correct when it accurately identified the weight relationship between the first and second cube. It was found that the subjects fairly accurately identified the weight relationship when density and weight both increased for the second cube (95.6% for given trials), and when density and weight both decreased (94.6%). The current results were markedly greater than those in the constant-density conditions obtained previously, suggesting that changes in density may be as much of an aid in the perception of heaviness and lightness as is weight. Whenever two cues conflicted directionally with each other, however, accuracy fell dramatically to 33.6% for lower density/ascending weight, and to 22.7% for higher density/descending weight. These results indicate the possibility of two different cues contributing to the perception of heaviness and lightness. Cue conflict such as the size-weight illusion naturally occurs when discriminating weight between objects. The present results, however, suggest that a person may perceive heaviness on the basis of the well-regulated relations between changes of density, size, and weight. The way in which these two cues are related through the haptic size is discussed.