Language, thought, and reality.
Language, thought, and reality.
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语言、思想和现实。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ludwig Wittgenstein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tom Ryckman;Ludwig Wittgenstein
1. 原子事实。在一定的抽象层次上，在任何给定的时间，世界或宇宙都是由事实组成或构成的。正如伯特兰·罗素和路德维希·维特根斯坦所阐明的那样，世界不仅仅是事物的总体，也不仅仅是构成世界的事实的特定事物的总体。这是因为，即使特定事物的整体保持不变，事实以及世界也可能会有所不同。存在约翰爱玛丽的事实但不存在玛丽爱约翰的事实的世界与存在约翰爱玛丽的事实并且也存在玛丽爱约翰的事实的世界是不同的。然而，这两个世界很可能拥有、包括或包含所有相同的特定事物。
1. Atomic Facts. At a certain level of abstraction, at any given time, the world or universe consists of, or is constituted by, facts. As Bertrand Russell and Ludwig Wittgenstein made clear, the world is not the mere totality of things—is not the mere totality of particular things that enter into the facts that make up the world. This is because the facts, and, therefore, the world, could have been different even if the mere totality of particular things had remained the same. A world in which there is the fact that John loves Mary but not the fact that Mary loves John is different from a world in which it is a fact that John loves Mary and also a fact that Mary loves John. Nevertheless, the two worlds might very well have, include, or contain all the same particular things.