Hospital-Associated Infections
Hospital-Associated Infections
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.dmih2-0003-2015
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Babady, N. Esther
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Babady, N. Esther
免疫低下患者的医院相关感染(HAI)可导致较高的发病率和死亡率。多药耐药菌(MDRO)引起的感染尤其令人担忧，因为当患者定居或感染MDRO时，可用剩余抗生素的选择有限。因此，重要的是在限制感染风险的环境中照顾免疫功能低下的患者。然而，随着医疗保健越来越多地在传统住院病房以外的环境中提供，将需要做出更大的努力来预防或快速诊断HAI。在过去的几年里，用于检测许多引起HAI的微生物的单链和多链分子分析的数量显著增加，但还需要更多的方法，因为由嗜肺军团菌和曲霉等生物引起的感染仍然使用产量相对较低的方法进行诊断，并且提供可操作结果的速度很慢。最后，使用新技术进行疫情调查将提供有关医疗保健环境中感染性病原体传播的新信息，并允许制定更有力的循证建议，以预防免疫受损宿主的禽流感。
Hospital-associated infection (HAI) in immunocompromised patients can result in high rates of morbidity and mortality. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are especially worrisome because of the limited choice of remaining antibiotics available when a patient becomes colonized or infected with an MDRO. It is therefore important that immunocompromised patients be cared for in an environment that limits the risk for acquiring infections. However, with healthcare being increasingly delivered in settings other than the traditional inpatient hospital wards, a bigger effort will need to be set forth to prevent or rapidly diagnose HAI. The last few years have seen a significant increase in the number of singleplex and multiplex molecular assays for the detection of many of the organisms responsible for HAI, but more is needed as infections caused by organisms like Legionella pneumophila and Aspergillus species are still diagnosed with methods that have relatively low yield and are slow to provide actionable results. Finally, the use of novel techniques for outbreak investigations will provide new information on transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings and allow stronger, evidence-based recommendations to be developed for prevention of HAIs in the immunocompromised host.