Psychosocial work environment and sickness absence among British civil servants: The Whitehall II Study
Psychosocial work environment and sickness absence among British civil servants: The Whitehall II Study
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.86.3.332
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Marmot, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
North, FM;Syme, SL;Marmot, M
目标。本研究旨在探讨社会心理工作环境与随后的病假缺勤率之间的关系。分析基于一组英国男女公务员（n = 9072）。根据心理社会工作环境的不同方面，通过自我报告和人事经理的评分（外部评估）来计算短期（少于或等于7天）和长期（少于或等于7天）病假的比率。低水平的工作要求、控制和支持与男性的短期和长期缺勤率较高有关，而女性的缺勤率较低。自我报告和外部评估的差异相似。在调整就业等级后，差异有所减少，但在短期内仍然显著。高要求和低控制的结合只与低年级的高短期发作率有关。社会心理工作环境预示着疾病缺勤率。在工作中加强控制和支持可以在改善雇员的健康和福祉以及提高生产力方面产生有益的影响。
Objectives. This study sought to examine the association between the psychosocial work environment and subsequent rates of sickness absence.Methods. The analyses were based on a cohort of male and female British civil servants (n = 9072). Rates of short spells (less than or equal to 7 days) and long spells (> 7 days) of sickness absence were calculated for different aspects of the psychosocial work environment, as measured by self-reports and personnel managers' ratings (external assessments).Results. Low levels of work demands, control, and support were associated with higher rates of short and long spells of absence in men and, to a lesser extent, in women. The differences were similar for the self-reports and external assessments. After adjustment for grade of employment, the differences were diminished but generally remained significant for short spells. The combination of high demands and low control was only associated with higher rates of short spells in the lower grades.Conclusions. The psychosocial work environment predicts rates of sickness absence. Increased levels of control and support at work could have beneficial effects in terms of both improving the health and well-being of employees and increasing productivity.