Noninvasive, in utero imaging of mouse embryonic heart development with 40-MHz echocardiography
Noninvasive, in utero imaging of mouse embryonic heart development with 40-MHz echocardiography
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DOI：
10.1161/01.cir.98.9.912
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
37.8
通讯作者：
Turnbull, DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Srinivasan, S;Baldwin, HS;Turnbull, DH
背景-越来越多的转基因和定向突变小鼠的胚胎心脏缺陷，导致需要非侵入性技术来检查心脏结构和功能的早期小鼠胚胎。我们报告了首次使用一种新的40 MHz超声成像系统在子宫内小鼠心脏发育的研究，方法和结果-在麻醉小鼠中获得了妊娠8.5和13.5天之间（E8.5到E13.5）的小鼠胚胎的经腹扫描。E9.5 ~ E13.5可见心房和心室收缩，心脏形态学改变。高回声血流模式显示血流通过脐、卵黄和其他主要血管。舒张期和收缩期心室面积通过心外膜边界的平面测量法确定，并且测量面积变化分数作为收缩功能的指数。在E10.5和E13.5之间的每个阶段都记录了心室大小的显著增加，并描述了在胚胎发育的3天内进行连续成像研究的能力。最后，检测血管细胞粘附分子1（VCAM-1）纯合子无效突变胚胎证明了第一个例子的非侵入性，在子宫内分析心脏结构和功能的目标小鼠突变，结论，我们使用40 MHz超声心动图，以确定早期小鼠胚胎心血管系统的关键要素和非侵入性的尺寸分析发展中的心室。进行连续测量和检测心脏缺陷突变胚胎的能力突出了该技术在研究正常和异常心血管发育方面的有用性。
Background-The increasing number of transgenic and targeted mutant mice with embryonic cardiac defects has resulted in the need for noninvasive techniques to examine cardiac structure and function in early mouse embryos. We report the first use of a novel 40-MHz ultrasound imaging system in the study of mouse cardiac development in utero,Methods and Results-Transabdominal scans of mouse embryos staged between 8.5 and 13.5 days of gestation (E8.5 to E13.5) were obtained in anesthetized mice. Atrial and ventricular contractions could be discerned from E9.5, and changes in cardiac morphology were observed from E9.5 to E13.5, Hyperechoic streaming patterns delineated flow through the umbilical, vitelline, and other major blood vessels. Diastolic and systolic ventricular areas were determined by planimetry of the epicardial borders, and fractional area change was measured as an index of contractile function. Significant increases in ventricular size were documented at each stage between E10.5 and E13.5, and the ability to perform serial imaging studies over 3 days of embryonic development is described. Finally, the detection of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) homozygous null mutant embryos demonstrates the first example of noninvasive, in utero analysis of cardiac structure and function in a targeted mouse mutant,Conclusions-We used 40-MHz echocardiography to identify key elements of the early mouse embryonic cardiovascular system and for noninvasive dimensional analysis of developing cardiac ventricles. The ability to perform serial measurements and to detect mutant embryos with cardiac defects highlights the usefulness of the technique for investigating normal and abnormal cardiovascular development.