Protein import in mitochondria biogenesis: guided by targeting signals and sustained by dedicated chaperones.
Protein import in mitochondria biogenesis: guided by targeting signals and sustained by dedicated chaperones.
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作者：
线粒体在细胞新陈代谢中起着核心作用；它们负责氨基酸、脂类、铁硫簇的生物合成，并调节细胞凋亡。大约99%的线粒体蛋白是由核基因编码的，因此线粒体的生物发生在很大程度上依赖于蛋白质进入细胞器的途径。一套复杂的、经过充分研究的进口机制促进了线粒体蛋白质的进口。此外，新合成的蛋白质的折叠在繁忙的环境中进行。存在一个由折叠辅助蛋白、分子伴侣和辅助伴侣组成的系统，以维持适当的构象，从而避免蛋白质聚集和过早损伤。进口机械的部件具有很好的特点，但目标信号及其如何识别和解码在某些情况下仍不清楚。在这里，我们提供了一些关于蛋白质进口过程中涉及的靶向信号类型的详细信息。此外，我们讨论了非常精细的膜间空间的伴侣系统，这是克服在这个隔室中折叠过程的特殊挑战所必需的。面对线粒体的聚集和损伤，维持生产性折叠的机制是应激反应的关键组成部分，在细胞动态平衡中发挥着重要作用。线粒体在细胞新陈代谢中起着核心作用；它们负责氨基酸、脂类、铁硫簇的生物合成，并调节细胞凋亡。
Mitochondria have a central role in cellular metabolism; they are responsible for the biosynthesis of amino acids, lipids, iron–sulphur clusters and regulate apoptosis. About 99% of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes, so the biogenesis of mitochondria heavily depends on protein import pathways into the organelle. An intricate system of well-studied import machinery facilitates the import of mitochondrial proteins. In addition, folding of the newly synthesized proteins takes place in a busy environment. A system of folding helper proteins, molecular chaperones and co-chaperones, are present to maintain proper conformation and thus avoid protein aggregation and premature damage. The components of the import machinery are well characterised, but the targeting signals and how they are recognised and decoded remains in some cases unclear. Here we provide some detail on the types of targeting signals involved in the protein import process. Furthermore, we discuss the very elaborate chaperone systems of the intermembrane space that are needed to overcome the particular challenges for the folding process in this compartment. The mechanisms that sustain productive folding in the face of aggregation and damage in mitochondria are critical components of the stress response and play an important role in cell homeostasis. Mitochondria have a central role in cellular metabolism; they are responsible for the biosynthesis of amino acids, lipids, iron–sulphur clusters and regulate apoptosis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.03.023
发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
Biochimica et biophysica acta
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chatzi A;Manganas P;Tokatlidis K
通讯作者：
Tokatlidis K
影响因子：
15
作者：
Banci, Lucia;Bertini, Ivano;Tokatlidis, Kostas
通讯作者：
Tokatlidis, Kostas
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Banci, Lucia;Bertini, Ivano;Tokatlidis, Kostas
通讯作者：
Tokatlidis, Kostas
影响因子：
5
作者：
Backes S;Herrmann JM
通讯作者：
Herrmann JM
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Bausewein, Thomas;Mills, Deryck J.;Kuehlbrandt, Werner
通讯作者：
Kuehlbrandt, Werner