Estimating spatial and temporal patterns of urban anthropogenic heat fluxes for UK cities: the case of Manchester
Estimating spatial and temporal patterns of urban anthropogenic heat fluxes for UK cities: the case of Manchester
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DOI：
10.1007/s00704-008-0086-5
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Levermore, Geoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Claire;Lindley, Sarah;Levermore, Geoff
提出了一个模型来确定英国城市地区人为热通量的时间和空间模式。它考虑了建筑物、交通和代谢热通量源，并根据英国大曼彻斯特地区的替代数据进行了良好的评估。尽管模型本身可以根据数据可用性进行扩展，但结果以 200 x 200 m 的空间分辨率呈现。在本文中，结果是使用一组城市形态单元生成的，因此不需要对单个建筑物和道路排放进行详细且耗时的核算。该模型估计大曼彻斯特地区的平均热排放量为 6.12 Wm(-2)，其中非中心城市化地区的值约为 10 Wm(-2)，市中心地区的值约为 23 Wm(-2)。尽管存在这种差异，但由于卫星城和道路网络的影响，结果并没有像其他城市所报道的那样用简单的距离衰减函数来描述。建筑物是主要排放源，约占全市总排放量的 60%，而道路交通排放量约占 32%，代谢源排放量约占 8%。
A model is proposed for determining the temporal and spatial patterns of anthropogenic heat fluxes in UK urban areas. It considers buildings, traffic, and metabolic heat flux sources and has been evaluated to a good accuracy against alternative data for the Greater Manchester area in the UK. Results are presented at spatial resolution of 200 x 200 m although the model itself is scalable depending on data availability. In this paper, results are generated using a set of urban morphology units so that detailed and time-consuming accounting of individual building and road emissions is not required. The model estimates a mean heat emission of 6.12 Wm(-2) across Greater Manchester, with values in the region of 10 Wm(-2) for non central urbanized areas and 23 Wm(-2) in city center areas. Despite this difference, the results are not described by a simple distance decay function, as has been reported for other cities, due to the influence of satellite towns and the influence of the road network. Buildings are the dominant emitter, contributing some 60% of total emissions across the city compared to around 32% for road traffic and 8% for metabolic sources.