CONCEPT-FORMATION IN INFANCY
CONCEPT-FORMATION IN INFANCY
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0885-2014(93)80003-c
复制
发表时间：
1993-07-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
MCDONOGH, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MANDLER, JM;MCDONOGH, L
四个实验研究了7- 11个月大婴儿的概念归类。实验1和2表明，9个月和11个月的孩子区分动物和车辆的全球领域。在动物领域内，没有发现亚分类：婴儿不能区分狗与鱼或兔子。在交通工具领域，婴儿将汽车与飞机和摩托车区分开来。实验3表现出类似的，虽然较弱，分类为7个月大的婴儿。实验4表明，动物和车辆的分类是不受类间相似程度。鸟类和飞机被视为不同的，即使这两个类别的样本有相似的形状，包括伸展的翅膀，并具有相同的质地。这些数据显示了动物和车辆的全球分化，缺乏动物领域内的“基本水平”类别的分化，与旨在评估感知分类的研究数据形成对比。甚至更小的婴儿也能在知觉上区分各种动物亚类。然而，这里提出的结果表明，婴儿可能不会响应这种知觉差异的概念相关。
Four experiments investigated conceptual categorization in 7- to 11-month-old infants. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that 9- and 11-month-olds differentiated the global domains of animals and vehicles. Within the animal domain no subcategorization was found: the infants did not differentiate dogs from fish or from rabbits. Within the vehicle domain infants differentiated cars from both airplanes and motorcycles. Experiment 3 showed similar, although weaker, categorization for 7-month-olds. Experiment 4 showed that categorization of animals and vehicles was unaffected by degree of between-category similarity. Birds and airplanes were treated as different even though the exemplars from both categories had similar shapes, including outstretched wings, and were of the same texture. These data, showing global differentiation of animals and vehicles, with lack of differentiation of ''basic-level'' categories within the animal domain, contrast with data from studies designed to assess perceptual categorization. Even younger infants differentiate various animal subcategories perceptually. However, the results presented here suggest that infants may not respond to such perceptual differences as being conceptually relevant.