Are Safety-Related Features of the Road Environment Associated with Smaller Declines in Physical Activity among Youth?
Are Safety-Related Features of the Road Environment Associated with Smaller Declines in Physical Activity among Youth?
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-009-9402-3
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Crawford, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carver, Alison;Timperio, Anna;Crawford, David
这项研究探讨了当地道路环境与安全有关的客观措施如何与青年人身体活动（包括主动交通）的变化相关联。很少有纵向研究探讨了道路环境对社区儿童/青少年身体活动的影响。2004年，参与者为8-9岁儿童（n = 170）和13-15岁青少年（n = 276）。数据是在2004年和2006年对最初于2001年从澳大利亚墨尔本19所小学招募的参与者进行随访时收集的。步行/骑自行车到当地目的地是父母报告的儿童和青少年的自我报告。使用加速度计记录了非上学时间的中度至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）。使用地理信息系统客观地测量了每个参与者的邻居（他们家半径800 m以内的区域）的道路环境特征。线性回归分析研究了道路特征与2年来活跃交通（AT）和MVPA变化之间的关联。两个年龄组儿童的AT增加，但MVPA水平下降;平均而言，年轻女孩的下降幅度最大。交通/行人灯的数量与年轻女孩的Δ AT相关（B=0.45，p=0.004）。在年轻女孩（B = 0.0016，p = 0.015）和青春期女孩（B = 0.0016，p = 0.002）中，行走轨迹的总长度（以米为单位）与匕首式AT相关。对于青春期男孩，交叉口密度与匕首AT相关（B = 0.03，p = 0.030）。在学龄前的年轻男孩中，慢点与匕首状MVPA相关（B = 1.55，p = 0.021），而在放学后的青春期男孩中，减速峰与匕首状MVPA相关（B = 0.23，p = 0.015）。对于青春期女孩来说，有许多关联：例如，当地道路的总长度（B = 0.49，p = 0.005）、交叉口密度（B = 0.05，p = 0.036）和减速带的数量（B = 0.33，p = 0.020）与非上学时间的匕首MVPA相关。建筑环境中与安全有关的方面有利于青年人的体育活动，并可能有助于阻止与年龄有关的体育活动减少。被动的道路安全干预措施可能会促进AT和体育活动较少的女孩，特别是。
This study examined how objective measures of the local road environment related to safety were associated with change in physical activity (including active transport) among youth. Few longitudinal studies have examined the impact of the road environment on physical activity among children/adolescents in their neighborhoods. Participants were children aged 8-9 years (n = 170) and adolescents aged 13-15 years (n = 276) in 2004. Data were collected in 2004 and 2006 during follow-up of participants recruited initially in 2001 from 19 primary schools in Melbourne, Australia. Walking/cycling to local destinations was parent-reported for children and self-reported by adolescents. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during nonschool hours was recorded using accelerometers. Road environment features in each participant's neighborhood (area within 800 m radius of their home) were measured objectively using a Geographical Information System. Linear regression analyses examined associations between road features and changes in active transport (AT) and MVPA over 2 years. Children's AT increased but MVPA levels decreased in both age groups; on average, younger girls recorded the greatest declines. The number of traffic/pedestrian lights was associated with Delta AT among younger girls (B=0.45, p=0.004). The total length of walking tracks (in meters) was associated with a dagger AT among younger girls (B = 0.0016, p = 0.015) and adolescent girls (B = 0.0016, p = 0.002). For adolescent boys, intersection density was associated with a dagger AT (B = 0.03, p = 0.030). Slow points were associated with a dagger MVPA among younger boys before school (B = 1.55, p = 0.021), while speed humps were associated with a dagger MVPA among adolescent boys after school (B = 0.23, p = 0.015). There were many associations for adolescent girls: for example, the total length of local roads (B = 0.49, p = 0.005), intersection density (B = 0.05, p = 0.036), and number of speed humps (B = 0.33, p = 0.020) were associated with a dagger MVPA during nonschool hours. Safety-related aspects of the built environment are conducive to physical activity among youth and may help stem age-related declines in physical activity. Passive road safety interventions may promote AT and physical activity among less active girls, in particular.