The mechanism of the dehydration of alcohols and the hydration of alkenes in acid solution
The mechanism of the dehydration of alcohols and the hydration of alkenes in acid solution
复制标题
酸溶液中醇脱水和烯烃水合的机理
DOI：
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Obraztsov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. I. Vinnik;P. Obraztsov
动力学数据的水合不饱和化合物，醇的脱水，并在醇和强酸的水溶液中的氧原子的同位素交换进行了分析，以建立这些反应的详细机制。酸的催化作用不仅是由于其使反应物质子化的能力，而且还由于反应物与酸水合物或未解离的酸分子形成反应性络合物的可能性。方程提出，从而可以考虑到定量的介质上的有效速率常数的电离能力的影响所示的反应。研究了正碳离子作为反应中间体参与醇类脱水反应、不饱和化合物水合反应和醇类中氧原子的同位素交换反应的问题。反应物与溶剂化质子的络合物、酸分子和酸水合物是这些反应中的中间体。络合物对有效速率常数的相对贡献取决于水溶液中的酸浓度。参考文献65篇
Kinetic data for the hydration of unsaturated compounds, the dehydration of alcohols, and the isotope exchange of the oxygen atom in alcohols and aqueous solutions of strong acids are analysed to establish the detailed mechanisms of these reactions. The catalytic action of the acid is caused not only by its ability to protonate the reactant but also by the possibility of the formation of reactive complexes of the reactant with the acid hydrates or the molecules of the undissociated acids. Equations are presented whereby the influence of the ionising capacity of the medium on the effective rate constants for the reactions indicated can be taken into account quantitatively. The question of the involvement of carbonium ions as reactive intermediates in reactions involving the dehydration of alcohols, the hydration of unsaturated compounds, and the isotope exchange of the oxygen atom in alcohols is examined. Complexes of the reactant with a solvated proton, the acid molecules, and the acid hydrates are the intermediates in these reactions. The relative contributions of the complexes to the effective rate constant depend on the acid concentration in the aqueous solution. The bibliography includes 65 references