Socio-economic Analysis of a Selected Multi-use Offshore Site in the North Sea
Socio-economic Analysis of a Selected Multi-use Offshore Site in the North Sea
复制标题
北海选定的多用途近海地点的社会经济分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Xepapadeas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Söderqvist;Bilge Baş;M. Bel;A. Boon;N. Elginoz;Rita Garção;E. Giannakis;Amerissa Giannouli;P. Koundouri;Aris Moussoulides;J. Norrman;L. Rosén;J. Schouten;M. Stuiver;Stella Tsani;Petros Xepapadeas;A. Xepapadeas
一个600兆瓦的海上风电场正在荷兰专属经济区建设中，该风电场位于Wadden海岛Schiermontagog以北55公里处的Gemini，距离最近的荷兰港口Eemshaven 85公里。本章研究了Gemini场地引入多用途设计的选项，即在风电场中增加贻贝养殖（每年48 kt湿重）和海藻养殖（每年480 kt湿重）。一项机构分析表明，荷兰有支持海上风电场增加用途的政治意愿，但也发现了一些实施障碍。这些障碍包括没有多用途生产许可证以及对第三方进入风力发电场的法律的限制。因此，有必要为多用途设施的多用途和在参与多用途设施的行为者之间建立信任建立一个监管框架。一项财务和经济评估以及一项成本效益分析，也考虑到二氧化碳排放量的货币化变化，表明在风电场增加贻贝养殖可能在财务和社会经济上都是可行的。在目前的技术和经济条件下，包括海藻种植功能在财政和社会经济上可能是不可行的。这些评估中的知识差距和不确定性，例如缺少特定地点的数据和非货币化的外部因素，表明需要进一步研究，还包括在计划的一次性或多用途设施中试点种植贻贝和海藻。
A 600 MW offshore wind farm is under construction in the Netherlands Exclusive Economic Zone at a site called Gemini situated 55 km north of the Wadden Sea island of Schiermonnikoog and 85 km from the nearest Dutch port of Eemshaven. This chapter investigates the option of introducing a multi-use design for the Gemini site by adding mussel cultivation (48 kt wet weight per year) and seaweed cultivation (480 kt wet weight per year) to the wind farm. An institutional analysis indicates a political will in the Netherlands to support the development of adding uses to offshore wind farms, but a number of implementation obstacles are also identified. Those obstacles include an absence of licences for multi-use production and legal restrictions against third-party access to wind farms. There is therefore a need for a regulatory framework for multi-use and trust-building among actors involved in multi-use installations. A financial and economic assessment, and a cost-benefit analysis also taking into account monetized changes in CO2 emissions, indicate that adding mussel cultivation to the wind farm is likely to be both financially and socio-economically viable. Including a seaweed cultivation function is probably not financially and socio-economically viable under current technical and economic conditions. Knowledge gaps and uncertainties in these assessments with respect to, for example, missing site-specific data and non-monetized externalities suggest further research, also including pilot cultivations of mussels and seaweed in planned single-use or multi-use installations.