An acoustic analysis of 'happy-tensing' in the Queen's Christmas broadcasts
An acoustic analysis of 'happy-tensing' in the Queen's Christmas broadcasts
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女王圣诞广播中“快乐紧张”的声学分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.wocn.2005.08.001
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Harrington
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Harrington
本文对英国女王伊丽莎白二世（Queen Elizabeth II）在50年的时间里制作的年度圣诞广播中的一些元音进行了纵向分析，以调查成年人是否适应社会中发生的声音变化。本文分析的这种发音变化有时被称为“happy - tense”，它与过去50年来英式英语标准发音中“happy”等词的最后一个元音的张力有关。在研究的第一部分中，为了尽可能排除由于声道成熟造成的任何长期声学影响，研究人员分析了圣诞广播中间隔40-50年的弱读音。分析结果表明，从早期到后期的广播中，基本频道和F1、F2、F4都有很大的减少。结果显示，女王在20世纪50年代发出的“happY”元音，比在20世纪80年代四个说标准南英语的女性语料库中发出的元音要轻。随后对20世纪50年代和90年代圣诞广播中happY元音的比较显示，元音的张力位置有细微的变化。有人认为，以KIT和happY为例的元音在RP中经历了语音提升，后者也有前音。女王参与了第一项改革，对第二项改革的参与也微乎其微。
This paper presents a longitudinal analysis of some vowels from the annual Christmas broadcasts produced by Queen Elizabeth II over a 50-year period in order to investigate whether adults adapt to sound changes taking place in the community. The sound change that was analyzed in this paper, which is sometimes known as happY-tensing, concerns the tensing of the final vowel in words like ‘happy’ in British English Received Pronunciation over the course of the last 50 years. In the first part of the study, schwa vowels in Christmas broadcasts separated by 40–50 years were analyzed in order to exclude as far as possible any long-term acoustic effects due to vocal tract maturation. The results of this analysis show a large decrease in both the fundamental and F1, F2, and F4 from earlier to later broadcasts. It is then shown that the Queen's 1950s happY vowel is less tense than in a 1980s corpus of four female speakers of Standard Southern British. A subsequent comparison between the 1950s and 1990s Christmas broadcast happY vowels shows a small change towards the tenser position. It is argued that the vowels exemplified by KIT and happY have undergone phonetic raising in RP, with the latter also having fronted. The Queen has participated in the first of these changes and marginally in the second.
DOI：
10.1121/1.385780
发表时间：
1981-05
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Traunmüller
通讯作者：
H. Traunmüller
在元音的个体差异标度研究中发现感知结构的语言和声学相关性。
DOI：
10.1121/1.392393
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Rakerd,B;Verbrugge,RR
通讯作者：
Verbrugge,RR