Extracellular matrix remodeling and matrix metalloproteinases in the vascular wall during aging and in pathological conditions
Extracellular matrix remodeling and matrix metalloproteinases in the vascular wall during aging and in pathological conditions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0753-3322(03)00065-9
复制
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Jacob, MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacob, MP
细胞外基质为血管壁的功能特性提供了必要的结构框架。细胞外基质分子的三维组织-弹性蛋白、胶原蛋白、蛋白聚糖和结构糖蛋白-在胎儿发育期间合成-对于这些功能是最佳的。在未损伤的动脉和静脉中，一些蛋白酶组成型表达，但通过抑制剂对其激活和/或抑制的控制，这些蛋白酶具有非常低的活性，并且弹性和胶原纤维的周转率低。在衰老期间和血管病变发生期间，蛋白酶及其抑制剂之间的平衡通过诱导基质金属蛋白酶基因表达、激活酶原或炎性细胞分泌酶而暂时被破坏。平滑肌细胞是血管壁中数量最多的细胞，其通过合成细胞外基质分子和蛋白酶抑制剂的能力对损伤具有高的响应能力。然而，新合成的细胞外基质的三维组织从来不是功能最佳的。在其他一些病理-动脉瘤-损伤克服了平滑肌细胞的反应能力和细胞外基质的数量减少。总之，应注意维持血管细胞外基质储备，并且必须完全控制蛋白酶/抑制剂平衡的任何治疗操作，因为异常细胞外基质的积累可能具有不可预见的不良影响。(C)2003年，Elsevier SAS科学与医学版。All rights reserved.
The extracellular matrix provides a structural framework essential for the functional properties of vessel walls. The three dimensional organization of the extracellular matrix molecules-elastin, collagens, proteoglycans and structural glycoproteins-synthesized during fetal development-is optimal for these functions. In uninjured arteries and veins, some proteases are constitutively expressed, but through the control of their activation and/or their inhibition by inhibitors, these proteases have a very low activity and the turn-over of elastic and collagen fibers is low. During aging and during the occurrence of vascular pathologies, the balance between proteases and their inhibitors is temporally destroyed through the induction of matrix metalloproteinase gene expression, the activation of zymogens or the secretion of enzymes by inflammatory cells. Smooth muscle cells, the most numerous cells in vascular walls, have a high ability to respond to injury through their ability to synthesize extracellular matrix molecules and protease inhibitors. However, the three dimensional organization of the newly synthesized extracellular matrix is never functionally optimal. In some other pathologies-aneurysm-the injury overcomes the responsive capacity of smooth muscle cells and the quantity of extracellular matrix decreases. In conclusion, care should be taken to maintain the vascular extracellular matrix reserve and any therapeutic manipulation of the protease/inhibitor balance must be perfectly controlled, because an accumulation of abnormal extracellular matrix may have unforeseen adverse effects. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.