The B73 Maize Genome: Complexity, Diversity, and Dynamics
The B73 Maize Genome: Complexity, Diversity, and Dynamics
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1178534
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发表时间：
2009-11-20
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Wilson, Richard K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schnable, Patrick S.;Ware, Doreen;Wilson, Richard K.
我们报道了玉米23亿碱基对基因组的一个改进的草图序列，玉米是一种重要的农作物，也是生物学研究的模式植物。预测出超过32,000个基因，其中99.8%被定位在参考染色体上。将近85%的基因组由数百个转座元件家族组成，它们在基因组中不均匀地分布。这些转座元件导致了众多基因片段的捕获和扩增，并影响着着丝粒的组成、大小和位置。我们还报道了低甲基化区域与Mu转座子插入和重组的相关性，以及拷贝数变异与插入和/或缺失的相关性，还有重复区域之间不均匀的基因丢失是如何使古老的异源四倍体恢复到遗传二倍体状态的。这些分析为进一步的研究提供了信息并奠定了基础，以增进我们对玉米驯化和农业改良的理解。
We report an improved draft nucleotide sequence of the 2.3-gigabase genome of maize, an important crop plant and model for biological research. Over 32,000 genes were predicted, of which 99.8% were placed on reference chromosomes. Nearly 85% of the genome is composed of hundreds of families of transposable elements, dispersed nonuniformly across the genome. These were responsible for the capture and amplification of numerous gene fragments and affect the composition, sizes, and positions of centromeres. We also report on the correlation of methylation-poor regions with Mu transposon insertions and recombination, and copy number variants with insertions and/or deletions, as well as how uneven gene losses between duplicated regions were involved in returning an ancient allotetraploid to a genetically diploid state. These analyses inform and set the stage for further investigations to improve our understanding of the domestication and agricultural improvements of maize.