The Ty1-copia group of retrotransposons in plants:: genomic organisation, evolution, and use as molecular markers
The Ty1-copia group of retrotransposons in plants:: genomic organisation, evolution, and use as molecular markers
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1018393931948
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Flavell, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumar, A;Pearce, SR;Flavell, AJ
Ty 1-copia组逆转录转座子的基因组组织和多样性已经在来自双子叶和单子叶家族的几种作物植物及其亲缘植物中进行了研究，所述作物植物包括马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）、蚕豆（Vicia faba）、野豌豆（Vicia melanops）、野豌豆（Vicia sativa）、大麦（Hordeum vulgare）、黑麦（Secale cereale）和洋葱（Allium cepa）。逆转录酶片段的序列分析揭示了所有这些植物的Ty 1-copia逆转录转座子序列的极端异质性。对马铃薯、马铃薯、L. esculentum，A. cepa，S. cereale和蚕豆是高度可变的，范围从每个基因组几百到大约一百万个拷贝。蚕豆、蚕豆、蚕豆、cereale，和H. vulgare提出反转录转座子序列分散在基因组的整个常染色质区域，但在大多数异染色质区域几乎检测不到。与此相反，类似的数据从中期染色体的A。CEPA表明，尽管反转录转座子序列分散在基因组的整个常染色质区域，但它们主要集中在末端异染色质中。这些结果的背景下所发挥的作用的Ty 1-copia组反转录转座子在植物基因组的进化进行了讨论。最后介绍了反转录转座子序列作为遗传标记在植物基因组定位和遗传多样性研究中的应用。
The genomic organisation and diversity of the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons has been investigated in several crop plants and their relatives from both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous families, including potato (Solanum tuberosum), faba beans (Vicia faba), Vicia melanops, Vicia sativa, barley (Hordeum vulgare), rye (Secale cereale), and onion (Allium cepa). Extreme heterogeneity in the sequence of the Ty1-copia retrotransposons from all these plants was revealed following sequence analysis of reverse transcriptase fragments. The estimated copy numbers of the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons for the genomes of S, tuberosum, L. esculentum, A. cepa, S. cereale, and V. faba is highly variable, ranging from a few hundred to approximately a million copies per genome. In situ hybridisation data from metaphase and prophase chromosomes of V. faba, S. cereale, and H. vulgare suggest that retrotransposon sequences are dispersed throughout the euchromatic regions of the genome but are almost undetectable in most heterochromatic regions. In contrast, similar data from metaphase chromosomes of A. cepa suggests that although retrotransposon sequences are dispersed throughout the euchromatic regions of the genome, they are predominantly concentrated in the terminal heterochromatin. These results are discussed in the context of the role played by the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons in the evolution of the plant genome. Lastly, the application of retrotransposon sequences as genetic markers for mapping genomes and for studying genetic biodiversity in plants is presented.