Distribution of traumatic and other stressful life events by race/ethnicity, gender, SES and age: A review of the research
Distribution of traumatic and other stressful life events by race/ethnicity, gender, SES and age: A review of the research
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DOI：
10.1007/s10464-007-9134-z
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Dohrenwend, Bruce P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hatch, Stephani L.;Dohrenwend, Bruce P.
许多研究表明，压力性生活事件的报告与各种各样的精神和身体健康结果有关。然而，关于这些事件按性别、年龄、种族/民族背景和社会经济地位（SES）的分布情况的研究相对较少。这些信息将有助于查明风险最大的群体，以便进一步调查。本文对相关研究进行了综述。我们发现创伤性（例如，威胁生命）的事件似乎更频繁地发生在男性身上，而男性和女性在除创伤性事件以外的压力事件的类型而不是总数上的差异更为一致。创伤和其他压力事件往往更频繁地发生在低SES和种族/少数民族群体中，最后，在18岁及以上的样本中，创伤和其他压力事件更多地由年轻群体报告。这些研究结果的局限性和影响，进一步的研究和预防干预措施进行了讨论，特别是需要更详细的信息，个别事件。
Much research has shown that reports of stressful life events are related to a wide variety of psychiatric and physical health outcomes. Relatively little research exists, however, on the distribution of the events according to gender, age, racial/ethnic background, and socioeconomic status (SES). Such information would help identify groups at greatest risk for further investigation. This paper presents a review of the relevant studies. We find that traumatic (e.g., life threatening) events appear to be more frequent for men, while men and women differ more consistently on types rather than on overall numbers of stressful events other than traumatic. Traumatic and other stressful events tend to be more frequent in low SES and racial/ethnic minorities groups, and finally, both traumatic and other stressful events are reported more by younger age groups in samples 18 years of age and older. The limitations and implications of these findings for further research and preventive interventions are discussed, especially the need for more detailed information about individual events.