Control of verticillium yellows in chinese cabbage by the dark septate endophytic fungus LtVB3
Control of verticillium yellows in chinese cabbage by the dark septate endophytic fungus LtVB3
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto.2004.94.5.412
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Hashiba, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Narisawa, K;Usuki, F;Hashiba, T
从作为诱饵植物生长在混合土壤中的茄子、甜瓜、大麦和大白菜的总共1,214个根段中获得349种真菌内生菌，所述混合土壤由来自阿尔伯塔和不列颠哥伦比亚省的不同森林土壤的样品制成。加拿大349个分离株中的3个。当接种在无菌培养的大白菜幼苗中时，在皮氏培养皿中褐色。几乎完全抑制了接种后的长孢轮枝菌强毒株的作用。从茄子和大白菜根部分离到的两个有效菌株是福蒂瓶霉（Phialocephala fortinii）。第三个分离物是从大麦根获得的暗隔膜内生（DSE）真菌。菌丝沿着根表面生长，在根的表皮层上或表皮层内形成微菌核。DSE真菌的菌丝大量定植于皮层的根细胞。然后用轮枝菌病原体攻击在内生菌存在下生长1周的幼苗。在DSE处理的根中。表皮和皮层的一些细胞壁显示出细胞壁并置和增厚，这似乎限制了病原体进入相邻细胞。在被福氏疫霉定殖的根细胞中没有观察到这种明显的宿主反应。用上述内生菌预接种大白菜。为了比较，将先前报道的疾病抑制性真菌内生菌，毛螺旋异锥菌移植到田间，并评估疾病症状。DSE对黄萎病的抑制效果最好。外部和内部疾病症状的百分比分别减少了84%和88%。分别与其他分离物相比，对疾病的保护值极高。大多数DSE处理的植物，在地块中实现了可销售的质量。
Three hundred forty-nine fungal endophytes were obtained from a total of 1,214 root segments of eggplant, melon, barley, and Chinese cabbage grown as bait plants in a mixed soil made Lip of samples from different forest soils in Alberta and British Columbia. Canada. Three of the 349 isolates. when inoculated in axenically reared Chinese cabbage seedlings brown in petri dishes. almost completely Suppressed the effects of a post-inoculated and virulent strain of Verticillium longisporum. Two isolates effective against the pathogen were Phialocephala fortinii, which had been obtained from the roots of eggplant and Chinese cabbage. The third isolate was a dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungus obtained from barley roots. Hyphae of P fortinii grew along the Surface of the root and formed microsclerotia on or in the epidermal layer. Hyphae of the DSE fungus heavily colonized root cells of the cortex. Seedlings grown for 1 week in the presence of the endophytes were then challenged with the Verticillium pathogen. In DSE-treated roots. some of cell walls in the epidermal and cortical layers showed cell wall appositions and thickenings, which appeared to limit the ingress of the pathogen into adjacent cells. Such marked host reactions were not observed in the root cells colonized by P. fortinii. Chinese cabbage preinoculated with the above endophytes and. for comparison, a previously reported disease-suppressive fungal endophyte, Heteroconium chaetospira, were transplanted into the field and disease symptoms were assessed. The DSE could most effectively inhibit the development of Verticillium yellows. with reductions in the percentages of external and internal disease symptoms of 84 and 88%. respectively. The protective values against the disease are extremely high compared with those of other isolates. Most of the DSE-treated plants, in the plots achieved marketable quality.