Wavelength-Dependent Damage to Adenoviral Proteins Across the Germicidal UV Spectrum
Wavelength-Dependent Damage to Adenoviral Proteins Across the Germicidal UV Spectrum
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.7b04602
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发表时间：
2018-01-02
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Linden, Karl G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beck, Sara E.;Hull, Natalie M.;Linden, Karl G.
腺病毒是一种水传播的病原体，可导致支气管炎、肺炎和胃肠道感染，它对紫外线消毒具有高度抵抗力，因此推动了美国环境保护局制定的病毒消毒法规。多色紫外线在灭活腺病毒和其他病毒方面已被证明比传统的254 nm单色辐射更有效；这种增强的效果归因于紫外线对病毒蛋白质的破坏。这项研究表明，紫外线对腺病毒蛋白的损伤贯穿杀菌紫外线光谱，波长间隔在200至300 nm之间。一种带有带通滤光器和紫外光发光二极管(UV LED)的氢灯，它以大约10/N的间隔隔离波长。使用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法和图像密度法检测六邻体、五角体、纤维、次要衣壳和核心蛋白的特征：指示病毒蛋白损伤的蛋白质特征最大损失发生在240 nm以下。在214 nm辐射的28mJ/cm(2)剂量下，六角蛋白和五元蛋白质的敏感性大约是在254mN发射的50mJ/cm(2)剂量下的4倍，纤维蛋白的敏感性大约是50mJ/cm(2)的3倍。在220次跑步时，38mJ/cm(2)的剂量将六邻体和五角体的蛋白质数量分别减少到原来的33%和31%左右。相反，在26.1和278 nm处发射的400mJ/cm(2)剂量则使原始蛋白质数量分别减少到66-89%和80-93%之间。当剂量为400mJ/cm(2)、254mN时，未见明显损伤。这项研究将低波长下的增强灭活与这些波长下的腺病毒蛋白损伤直接相关，为多色杀菌紫外线照射改善紫外线水消毒的灭活机制提供了基本的见解。
Adenovirus, a waterborne pathogen responsible for causing bronchitis, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal infections, is highly resistant to UV disinfection and therefore drives the virus disinfection regulations set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Polychromatic UV irradiation has been shown to be more effective at inactivating adenovirus and other viruses than traditional monochromatic irradiation emitted at 254 nm; the enhanced efficacy has been attributed to UV-induced damage to viral proteins. This research shows UV-induced damage to adenoviral proteins across the germicidal UV spectrum at wavelength intervals between 200 and 300 nm. A deuterium lamp with bandpass filters and UV light-emitting diodes (UV LEDs) isolated wavelengths in approximate 10 nth intervals. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and image densitometry were used to detect signatures for the hexon, penton, fiber, minor capsid, and core proteins: The greatest loss of protein signature, indicating damage to viral proteins, occurred below 240 nm. Hexon and penton proteins exposed to a dose of 28 mJ/cm(2) emitted at 214 nm were approximately 4 times as sensitive and fiber proteins approximately 3 times as sensitive as those exposed to a dose of 50 mJ/cm(2) emitted at 254 mn. At 220 run, a dose of 38 mJ/cm(2) reduced the hexon and penton protein quantities to approximately 33% and 31% of the original amounts, respectively. In contrast, a much higher dose of 400 mJ/cm(2) emitted at 26.1 and 278 nm reduced the original protein quantity to between 66-89% and 80-93%, respectively. No significant damage was seen with a dose of 400 mJ/cm(2) at 254 mn. This research directly correlates enhanced inactivation at low wavelengths with adenoviral protein damage at those wavelengths, adding fundamental insight into the mechanisms of inactivation of polychromatic germicidal UV irradiation for improving UV water disinfection.