Subjective Evaluation of a Semi-Automatic Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Display Calibration Technique
Subjective Evaluation of a Semi-Automatic Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Display Calibration Technique
复制标题
半自动光学透视头戴式显示器校准技术的主观评估
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
C. Sandor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kenneth R. Moser;Yuta Itoh;Kohei Oshima;J. Swan;G. Klinker;C. Sandor
随着光学透视（OST）头戴式显示器（HMD）的日益增长的可用性，目前需要适合于非专家用户的鲁棒的、不复杂的和自动的校准方法。这项工作提出了用户研究的结果，客观和主观地检查了三种OST HMD校准方法产生的配准精度：（1）SPAAM，（2）降级SPAAM，和（3）最近开发的半自动校准方法--标记INDICA。用于评价的准确度指标包括受试者提供的质量值以及感知和绝对配准坐标之间的误差。我们的研究结果表明，所有三种校准方法在水平方向上产生非常准确的配准，但导致受试者感知虚拟物体的距离比预期的更近。令人惊讶的是，半自动校准方法在垂直方向和整体感知物距上产生了更准确的配准。用户评估的质量值也是最高的，特别是当对象显示在远处。本研究的结果证实，与常用OST HMD校准方法相比，经校准的INDICA能够产生等同或上级的屏上配准。我们还确定了一个潜在的危险，在使用重投影误差作为定量分析技术来预测配准精度。最后，我们讨论了进一步研究双目HMD系统中的INDICA校准的必要性，以及为OST增强现实创建闭环连续校准方法的可能性。
With the growing availability of optical see-through (OST) head-mounted displays (HMDs) there is a present need for robust, uncomplicated, and automatic calibration methods suited for non-expert users. This work presents the results of a user study which both objectively and subjectively examines registration accuracy produced by three OST HMD calibration methods: (1) SPAAM, (2) Degraded SPAAM, and (3) Recycled INDICA, a recently developed semi-automatic calibration method. Accuracy metrics used for evaluation include subject provided quality values and error between perceived and absolute registration coordinates. Our results show all three calibration methods produce very accurate registration in the horizontal direction but caused subjects to perceive the distance of virtual objects to be closer than intended. Surprisingly, the semi-automatic calibration method produced more accurate registration vertically and in perceived object distance overall. User assessed quality values were also the highest for Recycled INDICA, particularly when objects were shown at distance. The results of this study confirm that Recycled INDICA is capable of producing equal or superior on-screen registration compared to common OST HMD calibration methods. We also identify a potential hazard in using reprojection error as a quantitative analysis technique to predict registration accuracy. We conclude with discussing the further need for examining INDICA calibration in binocular HMD systems, and the present possibility for creation of a closed-loop continuous calibration method for OST Augmented Reality.