Changes in invertebrate assemblage composition in benthic and hyporheic zones during a severe supraseasonal drought
Changes in invertebrate assemblage composition in benthic and hyporheic zones during a severe supraseasonal drought
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严重反季节干旱期间底栖和潜流区无脊椎动物群落组成的变化
DOI：
10.1086/679467
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Stubbington R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stubbington R
干旱是溪流中不可预测的干扰，其特征是流量减少、栖息地可用性减少和非生物条件恶化。此类事件通常会降低底栖无脊椎动物分类群的丰富度并改变组合组成，但人们对潜流无脊椎动物组合如何应对干旱或这些反应与底栖组合变化有何关系知之甚少。我们假设，随着干旱的进行，底栖组合组成的类群丰富度（α多样性）和变异性（如位点内β多样性）将会下降，而在这种更稳定的环境中，潜流组合的同时变化将会较低。我们预测，随着表层类群被选择性消除，地点之间的底栖组合组成将趋同，而地点之间的潜流β多样性变化不大。在严重的反季节干旱的最后阶段，期间夹杂着创纪录的热浪，我们在地下水补给的溪流沿线的 4 个地点同时对底栖和潜流无脊椎动物进行了采样。随着流量下降，底栖栖息地的非生物条件恶化，但潜流带的变化不太明显。干旱期间底栖α多样性下降，而潜流α多样性变化不大。然而，由于常见类群丰度的局部变化，随着干旱的进展，底栖场内β多样性增加。潜流β多样性的时间趋势不太一致。各个地点的底栖生物组合变得更加相似，尤其是在热浪期间，反映出α多样性和丰度较低。由于表层和地层片足类动物数量的暂时增加，地层组合发生了显着变化。在制定受干旱影响的河流的管理策略时，应该认识到底栖和潜流组合对干旱的这些截然不同的反应。
Droughts are unpredictable disturbances characterized in streams by declining flow, reduced habitat availability, and deteriorating abiotic conditions. Such events typically reduce benthic invertebrate taxon richness and modify assemblage composition, but little is known about how hyporheic invertebrate assemblages respond to drought or how these responses relate to changes in benthic assemblages. We hypothesized that taxon richness (α diversity) and variability (as within-site β diversity) in benthic assemblage composition would decline as drought proceeded, whereas concurrent changes in hyporheic assemblages would be lower in this more stable environment. We predicted that benthic assemblage composition between sites would converge as epigean taxa were selectively eliminated, whereas between-site hyporheic β diversity would change little. We sampled benthic and hyporheic invertebrates concurrently from 4 sites along a groundwater-fed stream during the final stages of a severe supraseasonal drought punctuated by a record heat wave. Abiotic conditions in benthic habitats deteriorated as flow declined, but changes were less pronounced in the hyporheic zone. Benthic α diversity declined during drought, whereas hyporheic α diversity changed little. However, benthic within-site β diversity increased as the drought progressed because of localized variation in the abundance of common taxa. Temporal trends in hyporheic β diversity were less consistent. Benthic assemblages at individual sites became more similar, especially during the heat wave, reflecting low α diversity and abundance. Hyporheic assemblages changed markedly because of temporary increases in abundances of epigean and hypogean amphipods. These contrasting responses of benthic and hyporheic assemblages to drought should be recognized when developing management strategies for drought-impacted streams.
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