The effects of aging on time reproduction in delayed free-recall
The effects of aging on time reproduction in delayed free-recall
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bandc.2004.09.006
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Malapani, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rakitin, BC;Stern, Y;Malapani, C
这里提出的实验表明，正常老化放大延迟自由回忆测试中发生的时间生产的差异。实验一比较了两个健康年龄组和大学年龄组的时间生产能力。在24小时延迟后的测试中，忽略了所有反馈和两个目标间隔的例子，两组老年参与者都过度产生了6秒的间隔。这种影响在形式上与年轻参与者所表现出的错误相似，但幅度是年轻参与者的两倍。17秒间隔的生产总体上通常是准确的。然而，进一步的分析表明，大多数老年参与者过度生产17秒的间隔，而少数人大大低于生产17秒的间隔。此外，老年参与者在训练中表现出违反时间变异性的标量属性，而在测试中，只有那些生产不足的17秒间隔表现出这种趋势。相比之下，所有参与者的培训课程表现都很好。实验2和3调查的能力，在实验I中的参与者再现的长度从内存中，在类似的条件下的时间生产实验。这些实验提供了在实验1中观察到的错误的特异性的测试。在老年参与者的表现是准确的，如果更多的变量，相比年轻的参与者，在相反的时间生产的结果，表明生产不准确的自由回忆是特定的时间间隔在当前的背景下。(c)2004年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
The experiments presented here demonstrate that normal aging amplifies differences in time production occurring in delayed free-recall testing. Experiment 1 compared the time production ability of two healthy aged groups as well as college-aged participants. During the test session, which followed a 24-h delay and omitted all feedback and examples of the two target intervals, the two groups of aged participants' over-produced a 6 s interval. This effect is similar in form to errors shown by young participants, but twice the magnitude. Productions of a 17 s interval were generally accurate overall. However, further analysis indicated that the majority of aged participants over-produced the 17 s interval while a minority greatly under-produced the 17 s interval. Furthermore, aged participants showed violations of the scalar property of timing variability in the training session, while in the test session, only those who under-produced the 17 s interval showed this tendency. In contrast, training session performance was good for all participants. Experiments 2 and 3 investigated the ability of the participants in Experiment I to reproduce the length of a line from memory, under conditions analogous to those of the time production experiments. These experiments provided tests of the specificity of the errors observed in Experiment 1. Performance in the older participants was accurate, if more variable, compared to the young participants, in contrast to the time production results, indicating that production inaccuracy in free-recall is specific to interval timing in the current context. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.