Gender Differential Influences of Early Adolescent Risk Factors for the Development of Depressive Affect
Gender Differential Influences of Early Adolescent Risk Factors for the Development of Depressive Affect
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青春期早期危险因素对抑郁情绪发展的性别差异影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Petersen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Stemmler;A. Petersen
基于 Cyranowski, J. 等人的模型。 （2000），拱门。 Gen. Psychiatry 57：21-27，确定了有出现抑郁症状风险的青少年。如果青少年有以下 2 个或多个以下青春期早期危险因素，则被认为处于危险之中：(1) 父母依恋不安全，(2) 焦虑/抑制性情，(3) 工具性应对技能低下，(4) 青春期提前成熟。无风险青少年的风险因素为零或只有一个。利用一项针对青少年健康发展的10年纵向研究数据，通过5个数据评估点（即第6、7、8、12和12+4随访），调查了四种青春期早期危险因素对情绪基调发展的影响。情绪基调通过 SIQYA 的情绪基调量表（Petersen, A. C., et al. (1984), J. Youth Adolesc. 13: 93–111）进行测量，该量表是积极情绪基调和低抑郁情绪的指标。应用生长曲线模型来揭示青少年时期情绪基调发展的水平和斜率的显着性别差异。潜在增长曲线模型可以被视为由重复测量方差分析和自回归分析组成的组合，以评估所研究变量的潜在变化（Rovine, M. J., and Molenaar, P. C. M. (2000), Multivar. Behav. Res. 35(1): 51–88）。高危女孩的情绪基调水平较差，直到成年早期（即 12 + 4）几乎保持在相同的低水平，这表明特定风险因素的长期持续影响。相比之下，有风险的男孩在青春期早期表现出较差的情绪基调，但在青春期末期，有风险的男孩与非风险男孩的情绪基调水平相同。高危女孩在 12 年级和 12 + 4 年级时表现出明显更高水平的抑郁症状。
Based on a model by Cyranowski, J., et al. (2000), Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 57: 21–27, adolescents at-risk for the development of depressive symptoms were identified. Adolescents were considered at-risk if they had 2 or more of the following early adolescent risk factors: (1) insecure parental attachment, (2) anxious/inhibited temperament, (3) low instrumental coping skills, and (4) early pubertal maturation. Nonrisk adolescents had zero or just one risk factor. Using data from a 10-year longitudinal study on the development of adolescents’ health, with 5 points of data assessment (i.e., 6th, 7th, 8th, 12th, and 12 + 4 follow-up), the impact of the four early adolescent risk factors on the development of emotional tone was investigated. Emotional tone was measured by the Emotional Tone Scale of the SIQYA (Petersen, A. C., et al. (1984), J. Youth Adolesc. 13: 93–111), an indicator for positive emotional tone and low depressed affect. Growth curve modeling was applied to reveal significant gender differences in level and slope for the development of emotional tone over the adolescent years. Latent Growth Curve Models can be seen as a combination consisting of repeated measures analysis of variance and autoregressive analyses to evaluate the latent change of the variables under investigation (Rovine, M. J., and Molenaar, P. C. M. (2000), Multivar. Behav. Res. 35(1): 51–88). At-risk girls revealed poorer levels of emotional tone which stayed almost at the same low level up to young adulthood (i.e., 12 + 4), indicating a long lasting impact of the specified risk factors. In contrast, at-risk boys showed poorer emotional tone in early adolescence, but at the end of adolescence boys at-risk had the same level of emotional tone as nonrisk boys. At-risk girls showed significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms at grade 12 and at 12 + 4.
影响因子：
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作者：
D. Kandel;M. Davies
通讯作者：
D. Kandel;M. Davies