Destruction of the central black hole gas reservoir through head-on galaxy collisions

Destruction of the central black hole gas reservoir through head-on galaxy collisions
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正面星系碰撞破坏中央黑洞气藏

DOI:
10.1038/s41550-020-01286-9
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
14.1
通讯作者:
Kawaguchi Toshihiro
Kawaguchi Toshihiro
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miki Yohei;Mori Masao;Kawaguchi Toshihiro

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几乎每个星系都存在一个巨大的黑洞。黑洞偶尔会通过释放吸积气体的引力能辐射出大量的光,其累积活动周期只有几十亿年,即所谓的活动星系核的占空比。今天的许多星系都有一个饥饿的大质量黑洞。虽然星系碰撞被认为会增强核活动,但占空比的起源,特别是关闭过程,仍然是一个关键问题。在这里,我们表明,星系碰撞也能够抑制黑洞燃料,通过使用分析模型和三维流体动力学模拟,并通过应用确定的参数集的星系碰撞仙女座星系,。我们的模型表明,星系的中心碰撞可以剥离大质量黑洞周围的环形气体,这是假定的燃料源。导出的关闭黑洞燃料的条件表明,目前明亮的核中有相当一部分可以变得不活跃,这让人想起与星系合并事件相关的褪色或死亡的活跃核现象。因此,根据碰撞轨道(正面或远离中心),星系碰撞可能是关闭和开启核活动的原因。
A massive black hole exists in almost every galaxy. Black holes occasionally radiate a vast amount of light by releasing gravitational energy of accreting gas with a cumulative active period of only a few 108yr, the so-called duty cycle of the active galactic nuclei. Many galaxies today host a starving massive black hole. Although galaxy collisions have been thought to enhance nucleus activity,, the origin of the duty cycle, especially the shutdown process, is still a critical issue. Here, we show that galaxy collisions are also capable of suppressing black hole fuelling, by using an analytic model and three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations and by applying the well-determined parameter sets for the galactic collision in the Andromeda galaxy,. Our models demonstrate that a central collision of galaxies can strip the torus-shaped gas surrounding the massive black hole, the putative fuelling source. The derived condition for switching off the black hole fuelling indicates that a notable fraction of currently bright nuclei can become inactive, which is reminiscent of the fading or dying active nucleus phenomena, , –that are associated with galaxy merging events. Galaxy collisions may therefore be responsible for both switching off and turning on the nucleus activity, depending on the collision orbit (head-on or far-off-centre).
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