Human exposure to arsenic from drinking water in Vietnam
Human exposure to arsenic from drinking water in Vietnam
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.039
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Berg, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Agusa, Tetsuro;Pham Thi Kim Trang;Berg, Michael
越南是一个农业国家，人口约8800万，其中约1800万居民居住在越南北部的红河三角洲。本研究报告了对红河三角洲四个地区（Tu Liem、Dan Phuong、Ly Nhan 和 Hoai Duc）的 68 个水和 213 个生物（人类头发和尿液）样本进行的化学分析，以调查管井水中的砷污染和人体砷暴露情况。这些地区地下水砷浓度在=50μg/L范围内，其中64%的地区毛发砷浓度高于1μg/g，这一水平可引起皮肤病变。尿砷浓度为4-435μg/g肌酐。随着饮用水中砷含量的增加，头发和尿液中砷的浓度显着增加，表明饮用水是这些居民砷暴露的重要来源。尿液中无机砷（IA）的百分比随着年龄的增长而下降，而尿液中一甲胂（MMA）的百分比则呈现相反的趋势。头发中砷的浓度以及尿液中 IA、MMA 和二甲基胂酸 (DMA) 的总和以及 %MMA 也检测到了年龄和砷暴露状态之间的显着交互作用。总之，这项研究表明，尽管沙滤器减少了许多家庭的砷暴露，但仍有相当大比例的越南人口暴露在慢性毒性水平的砷中。越南越来越多地报道因饮用水摄入砷而引起的健康问题。 (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Vietnam is an agricultural country with a population of about 88 million, with some 18 million inhabitants living in the Red River Delta in Northern Vietnam. The present study reports the chemical analyses of 68 water and 213 biological (human hair and urine) samples conducted to investigate arsenic contamination in tube well water and human arsenic exposure in four districts (Tu Liem, Dan Phuong, Ly Nhan, and Hoai Duc) in the Red River Delta. Arsenic concentrations in groundwater in these areas were in the range of = 50 mu g/L, 64% of them had hair arsenic concentrations higher than 1 mu g/g, which is a level that can cause skin lesions. Urinary arsenic concentrations were 4-435 mu g/g creatinine. Concentrations of arsenic in hair and urine increased significantly with increasing arsenic content in drinking water, indicating that drinking water is a significant source of arsenic exposure for these residents. The percentage of inorganic arsenic (IA) in urine decreased with age, whereas the opposite trend was observed for monomethylarsonic add (MMA) in urine. Significant co-interactions of age and arsenic exposure status were also detected for concentrations of arsenic in hair and the sum of IA, MMA, and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in urine and %MMA. In summary, this study demonstrates that a considerable proportion of the Vietnamese population is exposed to arsenic levels of chronic toxicity, even if sand filters reduce exposure in many households. Health problems caused by arsenic ingestion through drinking water are increasingly reported in Vietnam. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.