School-Based Health Centers to Advance Health Equity A Community Guide Systematic Review
School-Based Health Centers to Advance Health Equity A Community Guide Systematic Review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.009
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Fullilove, Mindy T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knopf, John A.;Finnie, Ramona K. C.;Fullilove, Mindy T.
内容：在美国，来自低收入和种族或少数民族人口的儿童不太可能获得传统的医疗保健来源，而且比富裕的非西班牙裔白色儿童更有可能出现慢性健康问题。他们更经常长期紧张，疲劳，饥饿，更有可能有视力和听力受损的障碍，终身教育成就和成人发病率和过早死亡的预测。如果以学校为基础的健康中心（SBHC）可以克服教育障碍，增加接受所需的医疗服务，在弱势群体，他们可以推进health equity.Evidence收购：一个系统的文献检索进行了2014年7月发表的论文。使用社区指南系统评价方法，评价者识别、提取和总结了SBHC对教育和健康相关结果有效性的现有证据。证据综合：纳入审查的46项研究中的大多数评估了为城市，低收入和种族或少数民族高中生提供服务的现场诊所。SBHC的存在和使用与改善的教育（即，平均绩点、升级、停学和未完成率）和健康相关结果（即，疫苗接种和其他预防服务、哮喘发病率、急诊使用和住院、女性避孕药具使用、产前护理、出生体重、非法使用药物和饮酒）。更多的服务和更多的可用时间与更大的减少急诊科overuse.Conclusions：因为SBHCs改善教育和健康相关的结果在弱势学生，他们可以有效地促进健康公平。爱思唯尔公司出版美国预防医学杂志（American Journal of Preventive Medicine）
Context: Children from low-income and racial or ethnic minority populations in the U.S. are less likely to have a conventional source of medical care and more likely to develop chronic health problems than are more-affluent and non-Hispanic white children. They are more often chronically stressed, tired, and hungry, and more likely to have impaired vision and hearing-obstacles to lifetime educational achievement and predictors of adult morbidity and premature mortality. If school-based health centers (SBHCs) can overcome educational obstacles and increase receipt of needed medical services in disadvantaged populations, they can advance health equity.Evidence acquisition: A systematic literature search was conducted for papers published through July 2014. Using Community Guide systematic review methods, reviewers identified, abstracted, and summarized available evidence of the effectiveness of SBHCs on educational and health-related outcomes. Analyses were conducted in 2014-2015.Evidence synthesis: Most of the 46 studies included in the review evaluated onsite clinics serving urban, low-income, and racial or ethnic minority high school students. The presence and use of SBHCs were associated with improved educational (i.e., grade point average, grade promotion, suspension, and non-completion rates) and health-related outcomes (i.e., vaccination and other preventive services, asthma morbidity, emergency department use and hospital admissions, contraceptive use among females, prenatal care, birth weight, illegal substance use, and alcohol consumption). More services and more hours of availability were associated with greater reductions in emergency department overuse.Conclusions: Because SBHCs improve educational and health-related outcomes in disadvantaged students, they can be effective in advancing health equity. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine