3D‐Printed Multi‐Channel Metal Lattices Enabling Localized Electric‐Field Redistribution for Dendrite‐Free Aqueous Zn Ion Batteries
3D‐Printed Multi‐Channel Metal Lattices Enabling Localized Electric‐Field Redistribution for Dendrite‐Free Aqueous Zn Ion Batteries
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DOI：
10.1002/aenm.202003927
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
Guanhua Zhang;Xianan Zhang;Huaizhi Liu;Jinhao Li;Yiqin Chen;H. Duan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guanhua Zhang;Xianan Zhang;Huaizhi Liu;Jinhao Li;Yiqin Chen;H. Duan
可充电锌离子电池由于其环境友好、成本低、安全性高等优点而被认为是下一代能量存储系统的优选候选者。然而，由Zn阳极的枝晶生长和不期望的副反应引起的不令人满意的循环稳定性阻止了它们的广泛商业应用。在这里，报道了一种采用组合的3D打印和化学镀/电镀技术的具有多通道晶格结构的新型3D Zn金属阳极。通过模拟电极在电解液中的电流密度分布和原位镀锌/退锌显微观察，证实了所构建的具有多通道晶格结构和超亲水表面的3D Ni-Zn阳极能够有效改善电场分布，诱导Zn的均匀沉积，而没有Zn枝晶生长。正如预期的那样，3D Ni-Zn电池显示出高度可逆的Zn电镀/剥离，由于低的Zn成核过电位和局部电场的均匀分布，具有令人满意的库仑效率。因此，用3D打印的Zn阳极和聚苯胺插层氧化钒阴极构建的全电池表现出卓越的性能。具有可调3D多通道架构的导电金属晶格的简单且具有成本效益的制造为开发其他高性能金属（如Li，Na，K，Mg，Al）电池提供了新的机会。
Rechargeable Zn ion batteries are regarded as a preferable candidate for next‐generation energy storage systems owing to their merits of environmental benignity, low cost, and high safety. Nevertheless, unsatisfactory cycling stability stemming from dendrite growth and undesired side reactions of Zn anodes prevent their widespread commercial adoption. Here, a novel 3D Zn metal anode with multi‐channel lattice structures employing the combined 3D printing and electroless plating/electroplating techniques is reported. The constructed 3D Ni–Zn anode with multi‐channel lattice structure and super‐hydrophilic surface can effectively ameliorate the electric‐field distribution and induce the uniform deposition of Zn without Zn dendrite growth, as confirmed by simulation of current density distribution of the electrode in electrolyte and in situ microscopic observation of Zn plating/stripping. As expected, the 3D Ni–Zn cell shows highly reversible Zn plating/stripping with satisfactory Coulombic efficiency due to the low Zn nucleation overpotential and homogeneous distribution of localized electric field. Consequently, a full cell built with a 3D printed Zn anode and polyaniline‐intercalated vanadium oxide cathode exhibits remarkable performance. The simple and cost‐effective fabrication of conductive metal lattices with tunable 3D multi‐channel architecture opens up new opportunities to develop other high‐performance metal (such as Li, Na, K, Mg, Al) batteries.