Free fatty acids and IL-6 induce adipocyte galectin-3 which is increased in white and brown adipose tissues of obese mice
Free fatty acids and IL-6 induce adipocyte galectin-3 which is increased in white and brown adipose tissues of obese mice
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cyto.2014.06.016
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Buechler, Christa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krautbauer, Sabrina;Eisinger, Kristina;Buechler, Christa
半乳糖凝集素-3调节免疫细胞功能和晚期糖基化终产物的清除。Galectin-3在肥胖的人类和小鼠的血清中增加，大多数研究表明这种蛋白质可以防止代谢疾病中的炎症。目前的数据显示，在喂食高脂肪饮食的小鼠和ob/ob小鼠的肝脏、皮下和腹内脂肪库中，半乳糖凝集素-3显著升高。这些动物的棕色脂肪组织中半乳凝素-3也增加，免疫组织化学证实脂肪细胞中水平较高。在文献中描述了肥胖白色脂肪细胞中升高的半乳糖凝集素-3，并分析了在肥胖中起作用的代谢物对脂肪细胞半乳糖凝集素-3的调节。半乳糖凝集素-3在3 T3-L1成纤维细胞和人前脂肪细胞中表达，并在成熟脂肪细胞中适度诱导。在3 T3-L1脂肪细胞中，半乳糖凝集素-3定位于细胞质中，并且还在细胞上清液中检测到。葡萄糖不会改变可溶性半乳糖凝集素-3。脂多糖没有影响，而TNF减少和IL-6提高细胞上清液中的这种凝集素。棕榈酸盐和油酸盐适度提高可溶性半乳糖凝集素-3。在100 μ M和200 μ M亚油酸存在下3 T3-L1细胞的分化诱导可溶性半乳糖凝集素-3，并且细胞水平被较高浓度上调。目前的数据表明，游离脂肪酸和IL-6增加脂肪细胞中的半乳糖凝集素-3，从而可能导致肥胖症的更高水平。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Galectin-3 regulates immune cell function and clearance of advanced glycation end products. Galectin-3 is increased in serum of obese humans and mice and most studies suggest that this protein protects from inflammation in metabolic diseases. Current data show that galectin-3 is markedly elevated in the liver, subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat depots of mice fed a high fat diet and ob/ob mice. Galectin-3 is also increased in brown adipose tissues of these animals and immunohistochemistry confirms higher levels in adipocytes. Raised galectin-3 in obese white adipocytes has been described in the literature and regulation of adipocyte galectin-3 by metabolites with a role in obesity has been analyzed. Galectin-3 is expressed in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts and human preadipocytes and is modestly induced in mature adipocytes. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes galectin-3 is localized in the cytoplasm and is also detected in cell supernatants. Glucose does not alter soluble galectin-3. Lipopolysaccharide has no effect while TNF reduces and IL-6 raises this lectin in cell supernatants. Palmitate and oleate modestly elevate soluble galectin-3. Differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells in the presence of 100 mu M and 200 mu M linoleate induces soluble galectin-3 and cellular levels are upregulated by the higher concentration. Current data suggest that free fatty acids and IL-6 increase galectin-3 in adipocytes and thereby may contribute to higher levels in obesity. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.