Acute Mild Hypoxic Hypoxia Effects on Cognitive and Simulated Aircraft Pilot Performance
Acute Mild Hypoxic Hypoxia Effects on Cognitive and Simulated Aircraft Pilot Performance
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DOI：
10.3357/amhp.5022.2018
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Cheung, Bob
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bouak, Fethi;Vartanian, Oshin;Cheung, Bob
背景技术背景：研究了8000名受试者在模拟飞行任务中，急性轻度低氧低氧（HH）和体力活动对生理指标、体征和症状、情绪、疲劳、认知和表现的影响。（8 K; 2438米）和14，000英尺方法：在低压舱中，16名军用直升机飞行员随机暴露于4个海拔高度和3个体力消耗水平。在每个练习阶段之后，参与者在桌面模拟器上确定指定飞行路径上的目标，并完成认知测试。连续监测大脑局部和手指脉搏血氧饱和度（rSO（2）和S（p）o（2））、心率和呼吸率。结果：rSO 2和Spo 2随海拔高度和运动水平的增加而变化。在模拟飞行任务中，目标识别准确度和延迟在8 K、10 K（3048米）、12 K（3658米）和14 K下显示出递减。认知能力在14 K时下降。超过60%的参与者在8 K和10 K以及超过80%的参与者在12 K和14 K报告了症状。高度增加的症状，消极的情绪，一般疲劳，和身体fatigue.DISCUSSION：我们的研究结果表明一个显着的影响，轻度HH的一些结果的措施，在海拔10 K以上，操作限制是建立。相比之下，HH对低海拔地区的表现没有明显的影响（即，8 K和10 K）。HH症状的出现以及在8 K和10 K时目标识别延迟和准确性的下降可能会对飞行性能产生负面影响，需要进一步研究。
BACKGROUND: The effects of acute mild hypoxic hypoxia (HH) and physical activity on physiological measures, signs and symptoms, mood, fatigue, cognition, and performance on a simulated flight task were investigated between 8000 (8K; 2438 m) and 14,000 ft (14K; 4267 m).METHOD: In a hypobaric chamber, 16 military helicopter pilots were randomly exposed to 4 altitudes and 3 physical exertion levels. After each exercise period, participants identified targets on a designated flight path on a desktop simulator and completed a cognitive test battery. Cerebral regional and finger pulse oxyhemoglobin saturation levels (rSO(2) and S(p)o(2)), heart and respiration rates were continuously monitored. Participants indicated their symptoms, mood and fatigue.RESULTS: rSO2 and Spo2 were affected by the increase of altitude and exercise level. Target identification accuracy and latency within the simulated flight task showed decrements at 8K, 10K (3048 m), 12K (3658 m), and 14K. Cognitive performance was degraded at 14K. More than 60% of the participants at 8K and 10K and more than 80% at 12K and 14K reported symptoms. Altitude increased symptoms, negative mood, general fatigue, and physical fatigue.DISCUSSION: Our findings indicate a significant influence of mild HH on a number of outcome measures at altitudes above 10K, where operational restrictions are well established. In contrast, there was no clear influence of HH on performance at lower altitudes (i.e., 8K and 10K). The occurrence of HH symptoms and the decrements in target identification latency and accuracy at 8K and 10K may negatively impact flight performance and require further study.