NO GAMETOPHORES 2 is a novel regulator of the 2D to 3D growth transition in the moss Physcomitrium patens
NO GAMETOPHORES 2 is a novel regulator of the 2D to 3D growth transition in the moss Physcomitrium patens
复制标题
DOI：
10.1101/2020.07.21.213728
复制
发表时间：
2020-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Laura A. Moody;S. Kelly;Roxaana Clayton;Zoe Weeks;David M. Emms;J. Langdale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laura A. Moody;S. Kelly;Roxaana Clayton;Zoe Weeks;David M. Emms;J. Langdale
植物对土地的殖民化是地球生命史上最具变革性的事件之一。从水的过渡，这正好与三维（3D）增长的演变，并可能促进，使陆地上的形态多样性的产生。在许多植物中，从二维（2D）到三维生长的转变发生在胚胎发育期间。然而，在早期的分歧苔藓立碗藓（以前的立碗藓），3D生长之前是一个延长的丝状阶段，可以无限期地保持。在这里，我们描述了细胞分裂素响应NO GAMETOPHORES 2（PpNOG 2）基因，它编码莽草酸O-羟基肉桂酰基转移酶的鉴定。在缺乏PpNOG 2功能的突变体中，CLAVATA和SCARECROW基因的转录水平显著降低，产生过多的配子体初始细胞，并且芽经历过早的发育停滞。我们的研究结果表明，PpNOG 2功能的抗坏血酸途径，导致角质层的形成，和NOG 2相关的基因被增选到木质素生物合成途径后，britectes和维管植物的分歧。我们提出了一个修改后的模型，其中PpNOG 2包括一个反馈机制，这是所需的配子体初始细胞频率的调制的一部分的三维生长。我们还提出，在P. patens的2D到3D的生长过渡是由复杂的生长素-细胞分裂素的串扰，调节，至少部分，通过类黄酮代谢的变化。
The colonization of land by plants was one of the most transformative events in the history of life on Earth. The transition from water, which coincided with and was likely facilitated by the evolution of 3-dimensional (3D) growth, enabled the generation of morphological diversity on land. In many plants, the transition from 2-dimensional (2D) to 3D growth occurs during embryo development. However, in the early divergent moss Physcomitrium patens (formerly Physcomitrella patens), 3D growth is preceded by an extended filamentous phase that can be maintained indefinitely. Here, we describe the identification of the cytokinin-responsive NO GAMETOPHORES 2 (PpNOG2) gene, which encodes a shikimate o- hydroxycinnamoyltransferase. In mutants lacking PpNOG2 function, transcript levels of CLAVATA and SCARECROW genes are significantly reduced, excessive gametophore initial cells are produced, and buds undergo premature developmental arrest. Our results suggest that PpNOG2 functions in the ascorbic acid pathway leading to cuticle formation, and that NOG2-related genes were co-opted into the lignin biosynthesis pathway after the divergence of bryophytes and vascular plants. We present a revised model of 3D growth in which PpNOG2 comprises part of a feedback mechanism that is required for the modulation of gametophore initial cell frequency. We also propose that the 2D to 3D growth transition in P. patens is underpinned by complex auxin-cytokinin crosstalk that is regulated, at least in part, by changes in flavonoid metabolism.