Neurones responsive to faces in the temporal cortex: studies of functional organization, sensitivity to identity and relation to perception.
Neurones responsive to faces in the temporal cortex: studies of functional organization, sensitivity to identity and relation to perception.
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颞叶皮层中对面孔做出反应的神经元：功能组织、对身份的敏感性以及与感知的关系的研究。
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
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通讯作者：
M. Jeeves
中科院分区：
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作者：
D. Perrett;P. A. Smith;D. Potter;A. J. Mistlin;A. S. Head;A. Milner;M. Jeeves
我们研究了猕猴颞叶皮层中对面孔有反应的细胞的分布及其对不同面孔属性的敏感性。我们发现了一种功能性的细胞组织，它们对头部的不同视角做出反应。类似类型的细胞在垂直向下穿过皮质和水平方向上在皮质表面延伸0.5-2.0 mm的斑块中聚集在一起。研究发现，相当一部分对面孔有反应的细胞对生物学上重要的特征（如身份或表达）敏感。研究人员发现，细胞对猴子熟悉的特定个体具有高度选择性，在各种观察条件下，如改变面部表情、方向、颜色、距离和大小，都具有选择性。数据表明，对身份的敏感性出现在个人的具体观点（如全脸）的水平。然后，可以汇集关于不同视图的信息以允许独立于视图的识别。使人类难以感知面部的视觉变换（例如，对比度反转、等亮度颜色、粗略量化的图像、旋转或反转）降低了细胞对面部反应的幅度或增加了潜伏期。通过这种方式，细胞反应与感知有关，而不仅仅是与图像的视觉质量有关。
We have investigated the distribution of cells responsive to faces within the macaque temporal cortex and their sensitivity to different face attributes. We found a functional organization of cells responsive to the sight of different views of the head. Cells of a similar type were grouped together both vertically down through the cortex, and horizontally in patches extending 0.5-2.0 mm across the surface of the cortex. A substantial proportion of cells responsive to faces were found to be sensitive to biologically important characteristics such as identity or expression. Cells were found to be highly selective for particular individuals that were familiar to the monkey with selectivity persisting across a great variety of viewing conditions such as changing face expression, orientation, colour, distance and size. Data suggested that sensitivity to identity arises at the level of specific views of the individual (e.g. full face). Information about different views may then be pooled to allow recognition independent of view. Visual transformations that make it difficult for humans to perceive faces (e.g., contrast reversal, isoluminant colour, coarsely quantized images, rotation or inversion) reduced the magnitude or increased the latency of cells' responses to faces. In this way, cell responses were related to perception and not simply to visual qualities of the image.