Causes of colony mortality in bumblebees
Causes of colony mortality in bumblebees
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熊蜂群体死亡的原因
DOI：
10.1111/acv.12363
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Goulson D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goulson D
尽管对熊蜂及其保护有相当大的兴趣，但关于基本生活史参数的数据很少，例如巢捕食率和存活繁殖的野生巢的比例。在这里，我们使用志愿者收集的数据和我们自己的直接观察相结合，共同描述了2008年至2013年期间英国908个大黄蜂巢穴的命运。总的来说，75%的巢穴产生了雌蕊，物种之间存在显著差异;最近到达的物种，Bombus hypnorum，有最高比例的菌落存活到雌蕊生产（96%），而长舌熊蜂在达到雌蕊生产方面的成功率最低（41%）。不同种类的熊蜂在筑巢时间、雌蜂产量和巢死亡率方面也存在很大差异。hypnorumandBombus pratorumnests开始早，生产大多数gynes仲夏之前，然后在6月死亡，而在另一端的频谱Bombus pascuorumnests开始晚，生产gynes主要在8月。有证据表明，100个鸟巢部分或全部被毁。主要报告的原因是挖掘的大型哺乳动物，可能primaryMeles meles（50%）。人为干扰是导致蚁巢死亡的第二大原因（26%），其次是洪水（7%）。蜡螟侵扰是常见的（55%的巢），与B。hypnorumnests最经常出没。然而，虫害并没有导致减少的可能性gyne生产，也许是因为虫害往往不会成为严重，直到一些gynes已经产生。我们的研究为很少研究的野生大黄蜂巢穴生物学和影响其生存的因素提供了新的见解;在未来收集类似的数据集将能够对巢生存和繁殖等参数如何随时间变化进行有趣的比较，并受到蜜蜂管理干预的影响。
Despite considerable interest in bumblebees and their conservation, few data are available on basic life‐history parameters such as rates of nest predation and the proportion of wild nests that survive to reproduction. Here, we use a combination of data collected by volunteers and our own direct observations which together describe the fate of 908 bumblebee nests in the UK between 2008 and 2013. Overall, 75% of nests produced gynes, with marked differences between species; the recently arrived species,Bombus hypnorum, had the highest proportion of colonies surviving to gyne production (96%), with the long‐tonguedBombus hortorumhaving the lowest success in reaching gyne production (41%). There were also large differences between bumblebee species in the timing of nesting, gyne production and nest mortality, withB. hypnorumandBombus pratorumnests starting early, producing most gynes before mid‐summer, and then dying off in June, whereas at the other end of the spectrumBombus pascuorumnests started late and produced gynes mainly in August. There was evidence for the partial or complete destruction of 100 nests. The main reported causes were excavation by a large mammal, probably primarilyMeles meles(50%). Human disturbance was the second greatest cause of nest mortality (26%), followed by flooding (7%). Wax moth infestations were common (55% of nests), withB. hypnorumnests most frequently infested. However, infestation did not results in reduced likelihood of gyne production, perhaps because infestations often do not become severe until after some gynes have been produced. Our study provides novel insights into the little‐studied biology of wild bumblebee nests and factors affecting their survival; collecting similar datasets in the future would enable fascinating comparisons as to how parameters such as nest survival and reproduction are changing over time, and are affected by management interventions for bees.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
O'Connor, Steph;Park, Kirsty J.;Goulson, Dave
通讯作者：
Goulson, Dave
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影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Erika Frehn;K. Schwammberger
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
A. Pouvreau
通讯作者：
A. Pouvreau
英国大黄蜂（Bombus Latr.）的分布和衰落
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Williams
通讯作者：
P. Williams
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
R. Lever
通讯作者：
R. Lever