Histopathologic and physiologic effects of chronic implantation of microelectrodes in sacral spinal cord of the cat.
Histopathologic and physiologic effects of chronic implantation of microelectrodes in sacral spinal cord of the cat.
复制标题
猫骶脊髓慢性植入微电极的组织病理学和生理学影响。
DOI：
10.1097/00005072-199609000-00005
复制
发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Agnew,WF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woodford,BJ;Carter,RR;McCreery,D;Bullara,LA;Agnew,WF
将有源微电极植入 10 只雄性猫的骶脊髓，为期 2 周至 3 个月，以测试离散刺激副交感神经节前核的可行性和安全性，为未来微电极技术在排尿控制中的临床应用提供依据。将四个直径 50 微米的铱微电极阵列插入每只猫的硬脑膜下方。每隔一周，测量膀胱压力作为腔内导管上的静水压力。在此期间结束时，用连续的横向环氧树脂切片评估组织病理学。观察结果包括白质中的弥漫性和局灶性轴突变性以及灰质中电极周围可能的神经元损失、轴的脑膜鞘、以及偶尔的组织无菌性炎症和植入后电极的明显运动。对位于骶副交感神经核内的单独脉冲电极的增加的膀胱压力反应并不一致，并且令人惊讶的是，至少两个不同的部位也是有效的。植入后长达 3 个月，五分之二的动物中，电极脉冲持续产生排尿。我们的结论是，虽然微电极植入是可行的，但需要进一步修改电极设计以消除运动和炎症。
Active microelectrodes were implanted for a period of 2 weeks to 3 months into the sacral spinal cord of 10 male cats in order to test the feasibility and the safety of discrete stimulation of the parasympathetic preganglionic nucleus for future clinical applications of microelectrode technology in micturition control. An array of four 50 μm-diameter iridium microelectrodes was inserted beneath the dura in each cat. At weekly intervals, bladder pressure was measured as hydrostatic pressure on an intraluminal catheter. At the end of the period, histopathology was evaluated with serial transverse epoxy sections. Observations included diffuse and focal axonal degeneration in white matter and possible neuronal loss around the electrode in the gray matter, meningeal ensheathment of the shafts, and occasional aseptic inflammation of tissue and apparent movement of the electrodes after implantation. Increased bladder pressure responses to individually pulsed electrodes located within the sacral parasympathetic nucleus were not consistent, and, surprisingly, at least 2 different sites were also effective. As long as 3 months after implantation, in 2 out of 5 animals, pulsing of electrodes consistently produced micturition. We conclude that while microelectrode implants are feasible, further modifications in electrode design are needed to eliminate movement and inflammation.