The extent of shifts in vegetation phenology between rural and urban areas within a human-dominated region.
The extent of shifts in vegetation phenology between rural and urban areas within a human-dominated region.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.1990
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Davies ZG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dallimer M;Tang Z;Gaston KJ;Davies ZG
城市化是当今世界面临的主要环境挑战之一。它的一个特别紧迫的影响是改变当地和区域气候，例如，城市热岛。这些条件的变化可能会对城市植被的物候产生影响，这将对城市绿色基础设施在提供多种生态系统服务方面所发挥的作用产生连锁影响。在这里，在一个人类主导的地区，我们对城市和农村地区的植被物候进行了明确的比较。利用20世纪前十年卫星衍生的MODIS - EVI数据，我们提取了英国15个最大城市及其周边农村的植被物候指标（生长季节开始日期、生长季节结束日期和季节长度）。城市地区的生长期平均比周边农村地区长8.8天。正如预期的那样，随着纬度的变化，生长季节长度显著下降（农村和城市地区分别下降3.4天和2.4天/纬度）。尽管在我们的研究城市中，城市和农村地区的物候差异很大，但我们发现没有证据表明城市形态会影响生长季节的开始、结束或长度。然而，农村和城市地区生长季节长度的差异与城市平均可支配家庭收入呈显著负相关。城市地区的植被提供许多生态系统服务，如减缓温度、消除污染、碳吸收和储存、为人类提供舒适价值以及为生物多样性提供栖息地。鉴于城市化的快速发展和持续的气候变化，如果我们希望能够有效地管理城市绿地，了解未来植被物候将如何变化是很重要的。
Urbanization is one of the major environmental challenges facing the world today. One of its particularly pressing effects is alterations to local and regional climate through, for example, the Urban Heat Island. Such changes in conditions are likely to have an impact on the phenology of urban vegetation, which will have knock‐on implications for the role that urban green infrastructure can play in delivering multiple ecosystem services. Here, in a human‐dominated region, we undertake an explicit comparison of vegetation phenology between urban and rural zones. Using satellite‐derived MODIS‐EVI data from the first decade of the 20th century, we extract metrics of vegetation phenology (date of start of growing season, date of end of growing season, and length of season) for Britain's 15 largest cities and their rural surrounds. On average, urban areas experienced a growing season 8.8 days longer than surrounding rural zones. As would be expected, there was a significant decline in growing season length with latitude (by 3.4 and 2.4 days/degree latitude in rural and urban areas respectively). Although there is considerable variability in how phenology in urban and rural areas differs across our study cities, we found no evidence that built urban form influences the start, end, or length of the growing season. However, the difference in the length of the growing season between rural and urban areas was significantly negatively associated with the mean disposable household income for a city. Vegetation in urban areas deliver many ecosystem services such as temperature mitigation, pollution removal, carbon uptake and storage, the provision of amenity value for humans and habitat for biodiversity. Given the rapid pace of urbanization and ongoing climate change, understanding how vegetation phenology will alter in the future is important if we wish to be able to manage urban greenspaces effectively.