Accelerating Silphium Domestication: An Opportunity to Develop New Crop Ideotypes and Breeding Strategies Informed by Multiple Disciplines
Accelerating Silphium Domestication: An Opportunity to Develop New Crop Ideotypes and Breeding Strategies Informed by Multiple Disciplines
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加速鮨驯化：开发新作物典型型和多学科育种策略的机会
DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2016.10.0834
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Valentín D. Picasso Risso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. V. Tassel;K. Albrecht;A. Boe;Yaniv J Brandvain;T. Crews;M. Gansberger;P. Gerstberger;L. González;N. Kane;P. Johnson;E. Pestsova;Jarrad Valentín D. Picasso Risso;D. Ravetta;B. Schlautman;C. Sheaffer;Kevin P. Smith;M. Turner;A. Vilela;P. V. Gehren;Christian Wever;D. V. Tassel;T. Crews;Kathryn Turner;Valentín D. Picasso Risso
Silphium perfoliatum L.（杯状植物，silphie）和 S. integrifolium Michx。 （松香草、银花）与向日葵 (Helianthus annuus L.) 属于同一亚科和族。串叶松叶草已在许多国家作为饲料或生物能源作物种植，其饲料质量接近苜蓿 (Medicago sativa L.)，在某些环境下生物量产量接近玉米 (Zea mays L.)。 Silphium integrifolium 种子较大，味道和油质与传统油籽葵花相似。 Silphium 物种都是长寿的二倍体多年生植物。该属作物可以改善农业景观的产量稳定性、土壤和生物多样性，因为在野生状态下，它们根深蒂固并支持多种传粉媒介。与前现代驯化相比，从头驯化应该是有意的和科学的。在历史的这个时刻，我们有幸也有义务将驯化理念从粮食和能源生产扩展到包括（i）对可持续发展至关重要的作物驱动的生态系统服务，（ii）遗传多样性以实现几个世纪的育种进步，（iii）自然适应和微生物组关联赋予资源利用效率和胁迫耐受性，以及（iv）通过监测驯化前基线的遗传和生态生理变化来改进驯化理论本身。快速实现这些目标需要使用新一代测序进行标记物开发，并需要一个致力于合作和战略规划的国际跨学科团队。
Silphium perfoliatum L. (cup plant, silphie) and S. integrifolium Michx. (rosinweed, silflower) are in the same subfamily and tribe as sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Silphium perfoliatum has been grown in many countries as a forage or bioenergy crop with forage quality approaching that of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and biomass yield close to maize (Zea mays L.) in some environments. Silphium integrifolium has large seeds with taste and oil quality similar to traditional oilseed sunflower. Silphium species are all long-lived, diploid perennials. Crops from this genus could improve the yield stability, soil, and biodiversity of agricultural landscapes because, in their wild state, they are deep rooted and support a wide diversity of pollinators. In contrast with premodern domestication, de novo domestication should be intentional and scientific. We have the luxury and obligation at this moment in history to expand the domestication ideotype from food and energy production to include (i) crop-driven ecosystem services important for sustainability, (ii) genetic diversity to enable breeding progress for centuries, (iii) natural adaptations and microbiome associations conferring resource use efficiency and stress tolerance, and (iv) improving domestication theory itself by monitoring genetic and ecophysiological changes from predomestication baselines. Achieving these goals rapidly will require the use of next-generation sequencing for marker development and an international, interdisciplinary team committed to collaboration and strategic planning.